Etymology

Banach-Tarski paradox

Today it means: A theorem in set-theoretic geometry, which states that given a solid ball in three‑dimensional space, there exists a decomposition of the ball into a finite number of disjoint subsets, which can then be put back together in a different way to yield two identical copies of the original ball. Full definition →

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The story

Named after Polish mathematicians Stefan Banach and Alfred Tarski.

Etymology from Wiktionary, CC BY-SA 4.0.