The story
From Victor (“the letter V in the ICAO spelling alphabet”), short for VOR (“VHF omnidirectional range”).
Etymology from Wiktionary, CC BY-SA 4.0.
Victor airway
Today it means: Any of a set of low-altitude airways defined as line segments, each based on a straight line between either two VOR (VHF omnidirectional range) stations, or a VOR and a VOR intersection. Full definition →