The story
- Proto-Indo-European*ḱeh₃-
- Proto-Indo-European*ḱóh₃nos
- Ancient Greekκῶνος (kônos)
- Medieval Latincōnus
- Middle Englishcone
- Englishcone
- English todayconer
From cone + -er. Sense 2 alludes that nonnuclear-trained submariners spend most of their time at the cone of the ship.
Etymology from Wiktionary, CC BY-SA 4.0.