Etymology

grind to a halt

Today it means: To come to a standstill, or cease to be productive or make progress, due to an obstacle. Full definition →

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The story

From windmills. To stop a windmill from turning too quickly, such as during a strong gust of wind, excess corn would be poured between the grinding stone (top stone) and the nether stone (bottom stone). The extra pressure would cause the stones to slow down or literally "grind to a halt", and thereby stop the windmill from turning.

Etymology from Wiktionary, CC BY-SA 4.0.