The story
From Jezebel, the Phoenician princess and Queen of Ancient Israel who appears in the Old Testament (1 Kings). She incited heresy and lured the Jews away from their God and back to idols. Before her death, knowing that she was soon to be slain, she took the time to fix her hair and paint her face. From the 16th century, some people believed that makeup was worn only by immoral women; hence the wearing of makeup implied immorality.
Etymology from Wiktionary, CC BY-SA 4.0.