Etymology

pass under the yoke

Today it means: Of a defeated army, to be humiliated by the victors. Full definition →

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The story

The practice of passing under the yoke (Latin: sub iugum) was a ritual humiliation of enemies practiced by the people of ancient Italy, most notably the Romans and Samnites. Hence, the modern English word subjugate stems from the Latin "sub iugum", meaning under the yoke.

Etymology from Wiktionary, CC BY-SA 4.0.