rout

rout · noun, verb¹

1. Middle English · inherited fromrouten“to assemble, congregate; of animals: to herd together; to regroup, make a stand against; to be riotous, to riot”
2. Proto-Indo-European · derived from*Hrewp-“to break; to tear (up)”
3. Latin · derived fromrupta
4. Old French · derived fromrote
5. Middle French · derived fromrote
6. Anglo-Norman · derived fromroute
7. Middle English · inherited fromrout
8. English todayrout

The noun is derived from Middle English rout, route (“group of people associated with one another, company; entourage, retinue; army; group of soldiers; group of pirates; large number of people, crowd; throng; group of disreputable people, mob; riot; group of animals; group of objects; proper condition or manner”) [and other forms], from Anglo-Norman route, rute, Middle French rote, route, Old French rote, route, rute (“group of people, company; group of armed people; group of criminals; group of cattle”) (modern French route (obsolete)), from Latin rupta (compare Late Latin ruta, rutta (“group of marauders; riot; unlawful assembly”)), the feminine of ruptus (“broken; burst, ruptured”), the perfect passive participle of rumpō (“to break, burst, rupture, tear; to force open; (figurative) to annul; to destroy; to interrupt”), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *Hrewp- (“to break; to tear (up)”). The English word is a doublet of route. The verb is derived from Middle English routen (“to assemble, congregate; of animals: to herd together; to regroup, make a stand against; to be riotous, to riot”) [and other forms], from rout, route (noun); see above.

rout · noun, verb²

1. Latin · derived fromrumpere
2. Old French · derived fromrompre“to break; to break up, disperse”
3. Middle French · derived fromroute“military defeat; retreat”
4. English todayrout

The noun is derived from Middle French route (“military defeat; retreat”), from rout, archaic past participle of Middle French, Old French rompre (“to break; to break up, disperse”) (modern French rompre (“to break, snap; to break up (with someone)”)), from Latin rumpere, the present active infinitive of rumpō (“to break, burst, rupture, tear; to force open; (figurative) to annul; to destroy; to interrupt”); see further at etymology 1. The verb is derived from the noun.

rout · verb, noun³

1. Proto-Indo-European · derived from*ker-
2. Proto-Germanic · inherited from*hrūtaną
3. Proto-West Germanic · inherited from*hrūtan“to snore”
4. Old English · inherited fromhrūtan“to snore; to make a noise”
5. Middle English · inherited fromrouten“to snore; to grunt, snort; to sleep; to dwell; to settle permanently”
6. English todayrout

The verb is derived from Middle English routen (“to snore; to grunt, snort; to sleep; to dwell; to settle permanently”), [and other forms], from Old English hrūtan (“to snore; to make a noise”), from Proto-West Germanic *hrūtan (“to snore”), from Proto-Germanic *hrūtaną, *hreutaną (“to snore”), from *hruttōną (“to snore; to roar”), from Proto-Indo-European *ker-, *kor-, *kr- (“to croak, crow”), *krut- (“to snore; to roar”), probably ultimately imitative. The English word is cognate with Icelandic rjóta, hrjóta (“to snore; to rattle, roar”), rauta (“to roar”), Middle Dutch ruyten (“to make a noise; to chatter, chirp”), Middle High German rūssen, rūzen (“to make a noise; to buzz; to rattle; to snore”), Norwegian Nynorsk ruta (“to make a loud noise; to roar, rumble”), Swedish ryta (“to bellow, roar; to scream or shout angrily”). Compare Old English rēotan, *hrēotan (“to make a noise; to make a noise in grief, lament, wail; to shed tears, weep”), from Proto-Germanic *reutaną; see further at etymology 4. The noun is derived from the verb. It is cognate with Southern Norwegian rut (“loud noise, din, roar”).

rout · verb, noun⁴

1. Old Norse · derived fromrauta“to roar”
2. Proto-Germanic · derived from*reutaną“to cry, wail”
3. Old Norse · derived fromrauta“to roar”
4. Middle English · inherited fromrouten“to cry out, bellow, roar”
5. English todayrout

The verb is derived from Middle English routen (“to cry out, bellow, roar”) [and other forms], from Old Norse rauta (“to roar”), from Proto-Germanic *reutaną (“to cry, wail”), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *HrewdH- (“to weep”), probably imitative. The English word is cognate with Danish ryde (“to low, moo”), Latin rudere, rūdere (“to bray; to cry”), Lithuanian raudóti (“to wail; to lament; to sob”), Norwegian raute (“to bellow; to low, moo”), Old Church Slavonic рꙑдати (rydati, “to wail, weep”), Old High German riozan (“to roar; to wail”) (Middle High German riezen (“to wail”)), Old Norse rjóta (“to roar”), Old Swedish riuta, ryta (“to howl, wail; to roar”) (modern Swedish ruta, ryta (“to howl; to roar”) (regional)), Old Swedish röta (“to bellow, roar”) (modern Swedish rauta, råta, rota, röta (“to bellow, roar”) (regional)), Sanskrit रुद् (rud, “to cry, wail, weep; to howl, roar; to bewail, deplore, lament”). The noun is derived from the verb, or from a noun derived from Old Norse rauta (“to roar”) (see above).

rout · verb⁵

1. Proto-Indo-European · derived from*wréh₂ds“a root”
2. Proto-Germanic · inherited from*wrōtaną“to dig with the nose or snout, to root”
3. Proto-West Germanic · inherited from*wrōtan
4. Old English · inherited fromwrōtan“to root up or rummage with the snout”
5. Middle English · inherited fromwroten“to search or root in the ground; of a person: to dig earth; of a worm: to slither, wriggle; to corrode; of a worm: to irritate by biting the skin; to destroy (a fortification) by digging or mining”
6. English todayrout

A variant of wrout, itself a variant of wroot (“to search or root in the ground”) (obsolete), from Middle English wroten (“to search or root in the ground; of a person: to dig earth; of a worm: to slither, wriggle; to corrode; of a worm: to irritate by biting the skin; to destroy (a fortification) by digging or mining”) [and other forms] (whence root), from Old English wrōtan (“to root up or rummage with the snout”). from Proto-West Germanic *wrōtan, from Proto-Germanic *wrōtaną (“to dig with the nose or snout, to root”); further etymology uncertain, perhaps related to Proto-Indo-European *wréh₂ds (“a root”), whence the English nouns wort and root.

rout · verb⁶

1. Middle English · inherited fromwroten
2. English todayrout

Possibly a variant of root (“to dig or pull out by the roots; to abolish, exterminate, root out”), from Middle English wroten; see further at etymology 5. Some recent uses are difficult to tell apart from rout (“of an animal, especially a pig: to search (for something) in the ground with the snout; to search for and find (something)”).

rout · verb, noun⁷

1. Middle English · inherited fromrout
2. Proto-Indo-European · derived from*krew-“to fall, plunge; to rush; to topple”
3. Proto-Germanic · derived from*hrūtaną
4. Old Norse · derived fromhrjóta“to be flung; to fall; to fly”
5. Old English · inherited fromhrūtan
6. Middle English · inherited fromrouten“to move quickly, rush; of waters: to churn, surge; to drag, pull; to throw; to agitate, shake; to beat, strike;”
7. English todayrout

The verb is derived from Middle English routen (“to move quickly, rush; of waters: to churn, surge; to drag, pull; to throw; to agitate, shake; to beat, strike;”) [and other forms], from Old English hrūtan, from or cognate with Old Norse hrjóta (“to be flung; to fall; to fly”), from Proto-Germanic *hrūtaną, *hreutaną (“to fall; to fly; to move quickly”); further etymology uncertain, perhaps from Proto-Indo-European *krew- (“to fall, plunge; to rush; to topple”). The English word is cognate with Middle High German rûzen (“to move quickly, storm”), and is also related to Old English hrēosan (“to fall; to collapse; to rush”). The noun is derived from Middle English rout, route (“a blow; suffering, woe (?); a jerk, sharp pull”) [and other forms], from routen; see above.

rout · noun⁸

1. Proto-Germanic · derived from*hrūtaną“to snore”
2. Old Norse · derived fromhrjóta“to snore”
3. Icelandic · derived fromhrota“brant; brent goose”
4. English todayrout

Uncertain; either imitative of the bird’s call, or possibly from Icelandic hrota (“brant; brent goose”), also probably imitative though perhaps influenced by hrot (“a snore; act of snoring”), from hrjóta (“to snore”), from Old Norse hrjóta (“to snore”), from Proto-Germanic *hrūtaną (“to snore”); see further at etymology 3.

Words from the same roots