scourge

scourge · noun¹

1. Middle English · derived fromscourgen
2. Proto-Indo-European · derived from*h₃reǵ-“to righten; to straighten”
3. Latin · derived fromex-
4. Proto-Indo-European · derived from*(s)ker-“to cut off, sever; to divide, separate”
5. Latin · derived fromex-
6. Late Latin · derived fromexcoriāre
7. Vulgar Latin · derived from*excoriāta“strip of hide; a scourge”
8. Old French · derived fromscurge
9. Anglo-Norman · derived fromscorge
10. Middle English · inherited fromscourge“a lash, whip, scourge; affliction, calamity; person who causes affliction or calamity; shoot of a vine”
11. English todayscourge

From Middle English scourge (“a lash, whip, scourge; affliction, calamity; person who causes affliction or calamity; shoot of a vine”), and then either: * from Anglo-Norman scorge, escorge, escurge, or Old French scurge, escourge, escorge, escorgiee, escurge (modern French escourgée (“(archaic) whip made of leather strips”)), either: ** from Vulgar Latin *excoriāta (“strip of hide; a scourge”), from Late Latin excoriāre, the present active infinitive of excoriō (“to strip the skin from, to skin”), from Latin ex- (prefix meaning ‘away; out’) + corium (“skin; hide, leather”) (ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *(s)ker- (“to cut off, sever; to divide, separate”)); or ** from Latin ex- (intensifying prefix) + corrigia (“a whip”) (from corrigō (“to make right, correct; to reform”), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *h₃reǵ- (“to righten; to straighten”)); or * from Middle English scourgen (verb) (see etymology 2). Cognates Italian scuriada, scuriata

scourge · verb²

1. Late Latin · derived fromexcoriāre
2. Latin · derived fromex-
3. Vulgar Latin · derived from*excorrigiō
4. Old French · derived fromscurge
5. Anglo-Norman · derived fromscorge
6. Old French · derived fromescorgier“to whip, to scourge”
7. Anglo-Norman · derived fromescorger
8. Middle English · inherited fromscourgen“to whip, scourge; to afflict; to punish”
9. English todayscourge

From Middle English scourgen (“to whip, scourge; to afflict; to punish”), and then either: * from scourge (noun) + -en (suffix forming infinitives of verbs); or * from Anglo-Norman escorger, and Old French escorgier (“to whip, to scourge”), which are either: ** from Anglo-Norman scorge, escorge (noun), etc., or Old French scurge, escourge (noun), etc. + -er (suffix forming infinitives of first-conjugation verbs); or ** from Vulgar Latin *excorrigiō, from Latin ex- (intensifying prefix) + corrigia (“a whip”); or ** directly from Late Latin excoriāre. See further at etymology 1.

Words from the same roots