Etymology

scrape the bottom of the barrel

Today it means: To settle for a poor option due to a lack or unavailability of anything more favorable. Full definition →

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The story

Derived from the historical practice in the early European history of storing food in barrels; when food supplies ran low, only what was on the very bottom of the barrel remained, and had to be removed by scraping. Oil in a barrel has different fractions with a different weight. The heavier fractions like asphaltum sink to the bottom of the barrel and can be difficult to scrape from the bottom.

Etymology from Wiktionary, CC BY-SA 4.0.