slim

slim · adjective, noun, verb¹

1. Proto-Germanic · derived from*slimbaz“oblique, crooked”
2. Proto-West Germanic · derived from*slimb
3. Old Dutch · derived from*slimb
4. Middle Dutch · derived fromslim“bad, crooked”
5. Dutch · borrowed fromslim“bad, sly, clever”
6. English todayslim

Borrowing from Low German or Dutch slim (“bad, sly, clever”), from Middle Dutch slim (“bad, crooked”), from Old Dutch *slimb, from Proto-West Germanic *slimb, from Proto-Germanic *slimbaz (“oblique, crooked”). The sense development would have been "slanting, cunning" (Dutch) > "insignificant, slight" and then "thin, graceful" in English, a shift that Liberman calls an "incredible amelioration" of word meaning. The pejorative sense found in Low German and Dutch is also found preserved in the archaic English noun slim (“worthless or lazy person”), also comparable to the South African use of the adjective as "crafty, sly." Compare Dutch slim (“smart, clever, crafty”), Middle High German slimp (“slanting, awry”), German schlimm (“bad”), West Frisian slim (“bad, dire”).

Slim · proper noun²

* As an English surname, from the noun slime, probably topographic. * As a Native American surname (Navajo), from the English adjective slim, a calque of personal names containing the suffix -tsʼósí (“skinny, slim”), such as Hastiin-tsʼósí (“slim man”), see also Tsosie.