storm

storm · noun¹

1. Proto-Indo-European · derived from*(s)twerH-“to agitate, stir up; to propel; to urge on”
2. Proto-Germanic · derived from*sturmaz“storm”
3. Proto-West Germanic · inherited from*sturm“storm”
4. Old English · derived fromstorm“tempest, storm; attack; storm of arrows; disquiet, disturbance, tumult, uproar; onrush, rush”
5. Middle English · inherited fromstorm“disturbed state of the atmosphere; heavy precipitation; battle, conflict; attack”
6. English todaystorm

From Middle English storm (“disturbed state of the atmosphere; heavy precipitation; battle, conflict; attack”) [and other forms], from Old English storm (“tempest, storm; attack; storm of arrows; disquiet, disturbance, tumult, uproar; onrush, rush”) [and other forms], from Proto-West Germanic *sturm (“storm”), from Proto-Germanic *sturmaz (“storm”), from Proto-Indo-European *(s)twerH- (“to agitate, stir up; to propel; to urge on”). Related to stir. Cognates * Danish storm (“storm”) * Dutch storm (“storm”) * German Sturm (“storm”) * Icelandic stormur (“storm”) * Low German storm (“storm”) * Norwegian Bokmål storm (“storm”) * Norwegian Nynorsk storm (“storm”) * Scots storm (“storm”) * Swedish storm (“storm”) * West Frisian stoarm (“storm”)

storm · verb, noun²

1. Middle English · inherited fromstormen“of the wind: to blow violently; to cause to roll or toss”
2. English todaystorm

The verb is derived from Middle English stormen (“of the wind: to blow violently; to cause to roll or toss”), from storm (noun) (see etymology 1) + -en (suffix forming the infinitives of verbs). Compare Middle English sturmen (“to attack (someone) with great force”), from Old English styrman (“to rage, storm; to make a great noise, cry aloud, shout, storm”), from Proto-West Germanic *sturmijan (“to storm”), from Proto-Germanic *sturmijaną (“to storm”), from *sturmaz (“a storm”) (see etymology 1) + *-janą (suffix forming causatives from strong verbs, with a sense of ‘to cause to do [the action of the verb]’). The Middle English word did not survive into modern English. The noun is derived from verb etymology 2, verb sense 2.3 (“to violently assault (a fortified position or stronghold, a building, etc.) with the aim of gaining control of it”). Cognates * Dutch stormen (“to bluster, storm”) * German stürmen (“to rage, storm; to assault, attack”) * Icelandic storma (“to storm”) * Low German stormen (“to storm”) * Swedish storma (“to bluster, storm”)

Words from the same roots