Meanings
-and1
alternative -ant · alternative -nd · alternative -on
- ScotlanddialectalUsed to form the present participle of verbs, equivalent to -ing.
livand, nurischand, ravand, snipand, goand
- now rarely productiveA suffix of Anglo-Saxon origin forming adjectives from verbs analogous to -ing.
waniand, blatant, blicant, farrand, flippant, gainand, rampant, trippant, warkand
-and2
Synonyms & antonyms
suffixA suffix forming nouns denoting patients (i.e., recipients of actions), such as compiland.
Origin
-and · suffix
- Proto-Indo-European*-onts
- Proto-Germanic*-andz
- Proto-West Germanic*-andī
- Old English-ende
- Middle English-and
- English-and
From Middle English -and, -end, -ant, -nd, from Old English -ende, -ande, present participle ending of verbs, and -end, -nd, agent ending, both from Proto-West Germanic *-andī, from Proto-Germanic *-andz (present participle suffix), from Proto-Indo-European *-onts. More at -ing.
More words from Middle English, Old English, Proto-West Germanic
Full word history & related roots →-and · suffix
From Latin gerundive termination -andus, -endus. More at -end.
Full word history & related roots →Cite this entry
-and. (n.d.). In WatkinsX Dictionary. Retrieved November 2, 2026, from https://dictionary.watkinsx.com/word/-and
“-and.” WatkinsX Dictionary, https://dictionary.watkinsx.com/word/-and. Accessed November 2, 2026.
WatkinsX Dictionary, s.v. “-and,” accessed November 2, 2026, https://dictionary.watkinsx.com/word/-and.
Source: -and on Wiktionary, CC BY-SA 4.0.