Ch'ing-tao

Somewhere between this type and the mixed type noted previously would be cases like that of Ch'ing-tao, in which virtually the entire existing city was constructed by the Germans after the razing of the old Chinese town, which included a new "Chinese" town laid out alongside the "Western" and disconcertingly Teutonic new town.

1965, Norton S. Ginsburg, “Urban Geography and "Non-Western" Areas”, in Philip M. Hauser, Leo F. Schnore, editors, The Study of Urbanization, 3rd reprinting, John Wiley & Sons, Inc., published 1967, →LCCN, →OCLC, page 331

The strip of land north of the port of Ch'ing-tao in Shantung province is forested, in sharp distinction to the barren hills beyond. The forest was under German supervision, at the time when Ch'ing-tao came under their judicial control. If the port bears unhappy witness to Germany's imperialistic ambition, the green belt is a tribute to that country's attitude towards land.

1969, Yi-Fu Tuan, China, Chicago: Aldine Publishing Company, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, page 33

In 1897, Germany gained control of the Chʻing-tao area in Shantung; the following year, the British acquired the Wei-hai region also in Shantung; and the Russians acquired Ta-lien and Lu-shan in Liaotung.

2008, James Laxer, The Perils of Empire, Viking Canada, →ISBN, →OCLC, pages 77–78