Huai-pei

Next, at the provincial distributing centers such as Ta-t'ung, Shasi, and Hankow were the important brokers (hang-shang, lit., "guild merchants") or salt hongs, who purhcased the salt for resale, or arranged its resale, to the provincial distributors, who themselves went by a variety of names: in Hupei, p'u-fan (lit., "store merchants") for the urban areas and shui-fan (lit., "water merchants") for the backcountry; in Huai-pei, hu-shang (lit., "lake merchants"); in Szechwan an-shang (lit., "port merchants"). These in turn sold to the public, either through their own shops or through petty retailers and peddlers.

1970, S. A. M. Adshead, The Modernization of the Chinese Salt Administration, 1900-1920, Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard University Press, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, page 158

During the nineteenth century, parts of Shantung and Honan provinces and much of Anhwei were ravaged by the Nien bandits from Huai-pei.

2002, Annping Chin, Four Sisters of Hofei, Scribner, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, page 3

In the first half of the nineteenth century, Hudson and den Boer write, the Huai-pei region of northeast China had a series of natural disasters.

2009, Michelle Goldberg, The Means of Reproduction, Penguin Press, →ISBN, →OCLC, pages 190–191