Palmyrene

alternative Palmirene

1. not comparableOf, from or relating to ancient Palmyra or Palmyrena.

   This cave housed an extended Palmyrene family, as indicated by the script used in some of the inscriptions and by some of the names of the interned.

   2002, Tal Ilan, Lexicon of Jewish Names in Late Antiquity, Part IV: The Eastern Diaspora 330 BCE-650 CE, Mohr Siebeck, page 33

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   The contrast between the deterrent lion with open mouth and luxurious mane and the peaceful antelope is striking, so more since the antelope is represented in profile while the lion, on the contrary, fully obeys the artistic law of frontality which is one of the most characteristic features of Palmyrene art.² Only early examples of Palmyrene sculpture from the first century B.C. and the beginning of the first century A.D. still show representations of human beings in profile.

   1982, Han J. W. Drijvers, “Sanctuaries and Social Safety: The Iconography of Divine Peace in Hellenistic Syria”, in Visible Religion: Annual for Religious Iconography, Volume 1: Commemorative Figures, E. J. Brill, page 65

   From Rome came the legend of the twins Romulus and Remus being suckled by a she-wolf, illustrated on a battered relief found in the Palmyrene temple of Bel;

   1986, Malcolm A. R. Colledge, “The Parthian Period”, in Iconography of Religions, Section XIV: Iran, Fascicle 3, E. J. Brill, page 26

2. not comparableRelating to the Palmyrene dialect or script

   The names of the deities retain their Palmyrene form in both the Palmyrene and Greek versions.

   2003, James Noel Adams, Bilingualism and the Latin Language, Cambridge University Press, page 270

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   The reverse presents to our view a ſtrange fort of inſtrument, or machine, which perhaps may be imagined to repreſent a key, beſides ſome traces of characters in a great measure defaced, and, if I am not vaſtly miſtaken, four intire Palmyrene letters.

   1757, John Swinton, “Diſſertation upon a Parthian coin, with Characters on the Reverſe reſembling thoſe of the Palmyrenes”, in Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London, Volume 29, page 593

   An isolated ostracon has turned up in Germany,² but otherwise there is nothing comparable to the geographic spread of the Nabataean and, above all, the Palmyrene inscriptions, the latter spanning from South Shields (in northern England) to Soqotra.

   2009, Sebastian Brock, “Chapter 11: Edessene Syriac inscriptions in late antique Syria”, in Hannah M. Cotton, Robert G. Hoyland, Jonathan J. Price, David J. Wasserstein, editors, From Hellenism to Islam: Cultural and Linguistic Change in the Roman Near East, Cambridge University Press, page 289

   Synonyms: Palmyran, Palmyrenian

plural Palmyrenes · alternative Palmirene

1. historicalA native or inhabitant of ancient Palmyra or Palmyrena.

   There is no surviving contemporary account of the war between the Palmyrenes and the Emperor Aurelian.

   2008, Pat Southern, Empress Zenobia: Palmyra's Rebel Queen, Continuum Books, page 131

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   The importance of the Palmyrenes was as merchants, and it is as merchants that they become known to us in our earliest Roman reference.

   1995, Richard Stoneman, Palmyra and Its Empire: Zenobia's Revolt Against Rome, University of Michigan Press, page 31

   For in the course of the campaign the Roman provincial capital of Bostra fell to the Palmyrenes – whether by accident or design - along with a Roman force.

   2000, Warwick Ball, Rome in the East: The Transformation of an Empire, Taylor & Francis (Routledge), page 80

   Synonyms: Palmyran, Palmyrenian

alternative Palmirene

1. An extinct Western Aramaic dialect.

   The auxiliaries also occasionally left behind bilingual dedications in Palmyrene with Greek or Latin.

   2017, Kyle H. Keimer, Gillan Davis, Registers and Modes of Communication in the Ancient Near East

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   The first panel is a bilingual text in Greek and Palmyrene, the second entirely in Palmyrene, and the third and fourth entirely in Greek.

   1989, Jean-Marie Dentzer, Winfried Orthmann, Archéologie et histoire de la Syrie, page 74

   In one such inscription, Odaenathus is referred to in Palmyrene simply as Ras Tadmor without any indicators of Roman rank.

   2003, Gary K. Young, Rome's Eastern Trade, page 209

   Synonyms: Palmyran, Palmyrenian

1. alternativeAlternative form of Palmyrena.

   This is proved by two inscriptions from Palmyrene, ...

   1936, The Cambridge Ancient History, volume 11, page 860

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   ..., scituated between Palmyrene and Cœlosiria, in that Country or Province known to the Romans, ...

   1646, A vindication of learning from unjust aspersions, volume 1

   ... the capital of Acabene, a province or district of Mesopotamia, a region separated from Palmyrene by the Euphrates.

   1754, John Swinton, An Explication of All the Inscriptions in the Palmyrene Language, page 344