Wen-su

In how far the name of that time was bound to the western mountains is already proved by the observation that the Ts'ung-ling is not mentioned at all in the adjoining mountainous regions to the north and south, viz., first on the line from Wen-su (Uch-Turfan) to the Wu-sun, on Issik-köl. and secondly from P'i-shan (on the Kiliang River to the west of Khoan) viâ Wu-ch'a to North-western India⁵.

1922, Sven Hedin, Southern Tibet, volume 8, Stockholm, →OCLC, page 5

He took this opportunity as a good excuse for stepping up border defense and consolidating his power in Sinkiang. Not only did he make careful military arrangements along the northeastern border adjacent to Outer Mongolia, such as the strategic centers like Ha-mi, Chen-si, Ch'i-t'ai, Sui-lai, Altai, Wu-su (or Kulklawusu), T'a-ch'eng, he also strengthened his military control of the other strategic areas including Ili and Ching-ho in the west, Yen-ch'i and Wen-su in the southwest, Wu-shih and Pu-li in the south. Consequently, the whole of Sinkiang was placed under his direct control.

1961, Richard Yang, “SINKIANG UNDER THE ADMINISTRATION OF GOVERNOR YANG TSENG-HSIN, 1911-1928”, in Central Asiatic Journal, volume 6, number 4, page 299