affranchi

plural affranchis

1. historicalA freed (manumitted) black person in one of France's colonies, especially Haiti.

   By 1786 the population of the Parish of Léogâne —whose growth was fueled by the lucrative coffee and sugar industries—counted "1,064 whites, 1,520 affranchis, and 16,492 slaves".

   2017, Terry Rey, The Priest and the Prophetess, Oxford University Press, →ISBN

   2 more examples

   The affranchis were identifiably mulatto and, as such, considered themselves superior to the mass of black slaves. They attempted to emulate whites and developed an ideology of race hatred […]

   1983, JoAnn M. Jaffe, Structural monopoly and independent household production: stagnation in the agrarian economy of Haiti

   The 1724 code's other statements on manumission aimed at preventing the growth of an affranchi population unable to support itself by insisting that owners continue to support those affranchis who were disabled or ill. Upon emancipation, both codes noirs declared that affranchis were to be granted "the same rights, privileges and immunities enjoyed by persons born free"; […]

   2010, Jennifer M. Spear, Race, Sex, and Social Order in Early New Orleans, JHU Press, →ISBN, page 66