The story
- Latin · derived fromperiodus incubationis
- French · calque ofpériode d'incubation
- English todayincubation period
Since 1850s, from earlier period of incubation, attested in that now obsolete sense since late 1820s, which is a calque of French période d'incubation (attested since mid-1810s), itself a calque from Latin periodus incubationis (attested since 1770s).
Etymology from Wiktionary, CC BY-SA 4.0.