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All derived from 9,053 borrowed from 5,710 learned borrowing from 1,127 calque of 209 semantic loan from 2 vicissitudinary pertaining to change, alteration, or mutation. vicissitudinous Characterized by or filled with vicissitudes. vicissity A change, as of fortune. vicomagister A kind of police commandant in Ancient Rome, responsible for a vicus. victimate To make a victim of; to sacrifice; to immolate. victoriatus A silver coin, stamped with an image of Victory, minted during the Roman Republic, and valued at half a denarius. Victorina A female given name from Latin. victrix victor (female); victress. vicus A small civilian settlement outside a Roman fort. vide infra see below vide supra see above videte See; consult; refer to—a remark directing the readers to look to the specified place for epexegesis. vidience A group of observers. vidimus A preliminary drawing of something to be designed and constructed. viduity the state of being a widow; widowhood vi et armis By force, violently; specifically, causing damage to a person or property. vigenary Synonym of vicenary, of, pertaining to, or based on the number twenty. vigesimal Occurring in intervals of twenty. vigilancy Vigilance. vigilate to monitor, watch over, control vigintennial Synonym of vicennial, occurring every twenty years. viginti- twenty. vigintile Any of the values in a series that divides the distribution of individuals in that series into twenty groups of equal frequency. vigintisexvir Any member of a group of twenty-six officials. vigintisexvirate A group of twenty-six men, especially (politics) a council of twenty-six men who share office or rule, particularly (historical) various such councils in ancient Rome. vigintivir Any member of a group of twenty officials. vigintiviral Of or belonging to the vigintiviri or the vigintivirate. vigintivirate A group of twenty people, especially (politics) a council of twenty men sharing an office or rule and particularly (historical) such an administrative council in ancient Rome. vility The quality of being vile or base. villatic rural (of or relating to a farm or village) villein A feudal tenant, a serf. villiform Having villi; having the shape of villi or small hairs. vimen A long flexible shoot or branch of a plant. viminal Of, pertaining to, consisting of, or producing twigs. vimineous Of or pertaining to twigs. vincible Capable of being defeated or overcome; assailable or vulnerable. vincture A binding. vinculum A bond or tie that unifies. vindemial Of or pertaining to the harvesting of grapes. vindemiation The gathering of grapes or honeycomb. vindicatrix A vindicatress. vineal Of, pertaining to, bearing, or containing, vines. vine staff A cane originally made of twisted grapevine trimmings and used by Roman centurions to beat the soldiers under their command; the various mushroom-headed batons later borne by them as a mark of office. viniculture Synonym of viticulture, the cultivation of grape vines for producing wine. viniferous Yielding wine. vinify To convert fruit juice—particularly grape juice—into wine by fermentation. vinolency Drunkenness. vinosity The quality or state of being vinous, or of having some essential characteristic of wine. violable Capable of being violated, broken, or injured. violaceous Violet-colored. violency Violence. violescent Somewhat violet in colour. viperine Of, relating to or resembling a viper viraginian Of or pertaining to a virago; having the qualities of a virago. viraginous Resembling an overbearing woman; shrew-like. virent green in color, or unwithered virescence Greenness or greenishness. virescent Green or greenish. virgal Made of twigs or rods. virgate The yardland: an obsolete English land measure usually comprising ¹⁄₄ of a hide and notionally equal to 30 acres. virgated Striped; streaked with rod-shaped (long and narrow) streaks. Virgilian Of, pertaining to, or characteristic of Virgil (Roman writer). virgo intacta A girl or woman whose hymen remains unbroken. virgula The spines of a ray. virgular made up of thin lines or strokes, usually with reference to an alphabet or writing system virgula suspensiva A slash used to mark a pause or disjunction, similar to a comma. virguncule A young virgin. viridite chlorite. viridity The state or condition of being virid: greenness. viripotent Able to sire children; sexually mature. virose Having a nauseous odour; fetid vis a tergo A force acting from behind. viscero- viscera viscumin Any of a group of toxic lectins present in mistletoe (Viscum album) viscus One of the organs, as the brain, heart, or stomach, in the great cavities of the body of an animal; especially used in the plural, and applied to the organs contained in the abdomen. vis impressa Force exerted, as in moving a body, or changing the direction of its motion; impressed force. visitator An apostolic visitor. visive Pertaining to sight or the ability to see; visual. vis major A greater force; an act of God; an unavoidable accident. vis mortua Dead force; force not carrying out any active work, but only producing pressure. visuo- Vision. vis vitae vital force vis vitalis A vital force. vitaceous Of or relating to the family Vitaceae of vines including grape. vitalometer A device used to test the vitality of the dental pulp. vitascope An early machine for exhibiting animated pictures. vitasphere The portion of the Earth that contains living organisms. vitello- Yolk. vitellus The contents or substance of the ovum; egg yolk. vitiation A reduction in the value, or an impairment in the quality of something. viticetum A collection of vines. vitiosity viciousness vitology An approach to healthy living promoted in the late 19th and early 20th century. vitrain A constituent of banded bituminous coal consisting of a horizontal glossy band of friable material. vitrella One of the transparent lens-like cone cells in the ocelli of certain arthropods. vitrescent Becoming glass; glassy, vitreous. vitrifacture The manufacture of glass and glassware. vitriform Having the shape or appearance of glass. vitrite A kind of glass with a low fusing point, used as an insulator in electrical lamps and other apparatus. Vitrolite A kind of high-strength pigmented glass.