freshwater

fresh·wa·ter
F4R1E1S1H4W4A1T1E1R1
UK/ˈfɹɛʃˌwɔːtə(ɹ)/US, cot caught merger/ˈfɹɛʃˌwɑtər/US/ˈfɹɛʃˌwɔtər/

adjective

Living in fresh water.

“The trout is a freshwater fish.”

CommonScrabble 19

Meanings

freshwater1

adjectivefreshwater (not comparable)
  1. not comparableLiving in fresh water.

    The trout is a freshwater fish.

  2. not comparableConsisting of fresh water.

    Lake Baikal is the world's largest freshwater lake in terms of volume.

  3. not comparablenauticalUnskilled as a seaman.

    “Mate,” said the captain in a low voice, “you talk like a fresh-water sailor. I can only attribute this shyness to some strange delusion, for surely,”—his voice assumed a slightly sneering tone as he said this—“surely I am not to suppose that you have become soft-hearted! […]

    1858, R M Ballantyne, The Coral Island
  4. USnot comparableeconomicsNeoclassical, in reference to the macroeconomics and economic departments near the Great Lakes.
    1 more example

    2012, John Quiggin, Zombie Economics: How Dead Ideas Still Walk Among Us, Princeton University Press (expanded paperback ed., 1st ed. from 2010), →ISBN, page 86. Meanwhile, the freshwater side of the dispute rapidly reverted to arguments from the nineteenth century, which had been debunked by Keynes and Irving Fisher.

    Synonyms: sweetwater

nounfreshwater (countable and uncountable, plural freshwaters)

plural freshwaters

  1. countableA body of fresh water.

    Fossils with low Sr/Ca ratios indicating origin in a freshwater of a type which has a low Sr/Ca ratio: […]

    1953, Publications of the Institute of Marine Science, volumes 3-4, page 100
    3 more examples

    Smith (1958) found that N. limnicola in Lake Merced, virtually a freshwater, had no paragnaths or at the most one on section I against the "normal" 1–2.

    1967, Bent J. Muus, The Fauna of Danish Estuaries and Lagoons, page 87

    The chances of long-term preservation of fossils in freshwaters are minimal, for freshwaters are readily disturbed and destroyed by drought on the land masses.

    2013, Brian R. Moss, Ecology of Fresh Waters: A View for the Twenty-First Century

    Freshwaters are portrayed in many artforms, including books such as Kenneth Grahame's childrens'^([sic]) story Wind in the Willows.

    2015, Sophie Lake, Durwyn Liley, Robert Still, Britain's Habitats
  2. alternativecountableuncountableAlternative form of fresh water.

    Schematic diagram of the viscosity effect during the injection of freshwater.

    1978, Roger M. Waller, John T. Turk, Robert J. Dingman, “Potential effects of deep-well waste disposal in western New York”, in Geological Survey Professional Paper, page 21
    3 more examples

    Above 200m, high-salinity water was being carried southward out of the Arabian Sea. This implies that most of the freshwater was imported into the Arabian Sea in the upper layer.

    2002, Friedrich A. Schott, Physical Oceanography of the Indian Ocean During WOCE, page 1246

    Actual field data of Cl distribution in soil after irrigation with TWW and freshwater were obtained in a field experiment in Israel (Feigin et al., 2005; Fine et al. 2007).

    2011, Guy Levy, P. Fine, A. Bar-Tal, Treated Wastewater in Agriculture

    Alewives are anadromous fish: Born in freshwater, they spend their lives in the ocean, returning annually to their birthplaces to spawn.

    2014 April 20, Richard Conniff, “An evolutionary family drama”, in The New York Times

Freshwater2

Synonyms & antonyms

adjectiveNeoclassical, in reference to the macroeconomics and economic departments near the Great Lakes.

Similar
Broader

More synonyms by meaning

nounwater that is not salty

Broader

Synonym sets from Open English WordNet, CC BY 4.0.

Origin

  1. Proto-Indo-European*preyskos
  2. Proto-Germanic*friskaz
  3. Proto-West Germanic*frisk
  4. Old Englishfersċ
  5. Middle Englishfressh
  6. Englishfresh
  7. Proto-Indo-European*wed-
  8. Proto-Indo-European*wódr̥
  9. Proto-Germanic*watōr
  10. Proto-West Germanic*watar
  11. Old Englishwæter
  12. Middle Englishwater
  13. Englishwater
  14. Englishfreshwater

From Middle English freche watur, fresshe water; equivalent to fresh + water.

Full word history & related roots →

Translations

Afrikaans varswater
  • varswaterliving in fresh water
Bulgarian сладководен, сладководен
  • сладководен (sladkovoden)living in fresh water
  • сладководен (sladkovoden)consisting of fresh water
Czech sladkovodní
  • sladkovodníliving in fresh water
Danish ferskvands-, ferskvands-
  • ferskvands-living in fresh water
  • ferskvands-consisting of fresh water
Finnish makean veden, makeavetinen
  • makean vedenliving in fresh water
  • makeavetinenconsisting of fresh water
  • järvi-unskilled as seaman
  • sisävesi-unskilled as seaman
  • makean veden vesistöbody of fresh water
French dulçaquicole, dulcicole
  • dulçaquicoleliving in fresh water
  • dulcicoleliving in fresh water
  • marin d'eau douceunskilled as seaman
German Süßwasser-, Süßwasser-
  • Süßwasser-living in fresh water
  • Süßwasser-consisting of fresh water
Hungarian édesvízi
  • édesvíziliving in fresh water
Irish fionnuisce, fionnuisce
  • fionnuisceliving in fresh water
  • fionnuisceconsisting of fresh water
  • úruisceunskilled as seaman
  • fionnuiscebody of fresh water
Italian acqua dolce
  • acqua dolceliving in fresh water
Malay air tawar
  • air tawarliving in fresh water
Norwegian Bokmål ferskvanns-
  • ferskvanns-living in fresh water
Polish słodkowodny, słodkowodny
  • słodkowodnyliving in fresh water
  • słodkowodnyconsisting of fresh water
Romanian de apă dulce
  • de apă dulceliving in fresh water
Russian пресново́дный
  • пресново́дный (presnovódnyj)living in fresh water
Spanish dulceacuícola
  • dulceacuícolaliving in fresh water
Swedish sötvattens-
  • sötvattens-living in fresh water
Cite this entry
APA

freshwater. (n.d.). In WatkinsX Dictionary. Retrieved November 3, 2026, from https://dictionary.watkinsx.com/word/freshwater

MLA

“freshwater.” WatkinsX Dictionary, https://dictionary.watkinsx.com/word/freshwater. Accessed November 3, 2026.

Chicago

WatkinsX Dictionary, s.v. “freshwater,” accessed November 3, 2026, https://dictionary.watkinsx.com/word/freshwater.

Source: freshwater on Wiktionary, CC BY-SA 4.0.