Meanings
Synonyms & antonyms
nounA member of a medieval and early modern Tungusic people, progenitors of the Manchus.
proper nounAn extinct Tungusic language (code juc), related to Manchu.
Origin
- cmgᠵᠦᠷᠴᠢᠳ
- mncᠵᡠᡵᠴᡳᡨ
- Khitan𘲮𘯤𘰭
- Middle Chinese竹里真
- Jurchen *jörcen*jörcen
- EnglishJurchen
From a reconstruction of Jurchen *jörcen, attested via Middle Chinese 竹里真 (trjuwk li^X tsyin) and Khitan 𘲮𘯤𘰭 (*ju rả n), developed under the influence of Manchu ᠵᡠᡵᠴᡳᡨ (jurcit) and Classical Mongolian ᠵᠦᠷᠴᠢᠳ (ǰürčid). Vajda argues for a derivation from a Proto-Tungusic word meaning "reindeer people", cognate with the Orochs of Russia's Khabarovsk Province and the Oroks of Sakhalin.
More words from Jurchen *jörcen, Middle Chinese, Khitan
Full word history & related roots →Translations
Chinese Mandarin 女真, 女貞 /女贞
- 女真 (Nǚzhēn)Tungusic people
- 女貞 /女贞 (Nǚzhēn)Tungusic people
- 女直 (Nǚzhí)Tungusic people
- 女真語 /女真语 (Nǚzhēnyǔ)language
Finnish džurtšen
- džurtšenTungusic people
Japanese 女真, 女直
- 女真 (Joshin)Tungusic people
- 女直 (Jochoku)Tungusic people
- 女真語 (joshingo)language
Korean 여진, 여진어
- 여진 (yeojin)Tungusic people
- 여진어 (yeojineo)language
Polish dżurdżen, dżurdżenka
- dżurdżenTungusic people
- dżurdżenkaTungusic people
Russian чжурчжэ́нь, чжуличжэ́нь
- чжурчжэ́нь (čžurčžɛ́nʹ)Tungusic people
- чжуличжэ́нь (čžuličžɛ́nʹ)Tungusic people
- нюйчжэ́нь (njujčžɛ́nʹ)Tungusic people
- нюйчжи́ (njujčží)Tungusic people
- чжурчжэньский (čžurčžɛnʹskij)language
Turkish Curçen, Curçence
- CurçenTungusic people
- Curçencelanguage
Vietnamese Nữ Chân, tiếng Nữ Chân
- Nữ ChânTungusic people
- tiếng Nữ Chânlanguage
Cite this entry
Jurchen. (n.d.). In WatkinsX Dictionary. Retrieved November 2, 2026, from https://dictionary.watkinsx.com/word/Jurchen
“Jurchen.” WatkinsX Dictionary, https://dictionary.watkinsx.com/word/Jurchen. Accessed November 2, 2026.
WatkinsX Dictionary, s.v. “Jurchen,” accessed November 2, 2026, https://dictionary.watkinsx.com/word/Jurchen.
Source: Jurchen on Wiktionary, CC BY-SA 4.0.