T'ien-ching

Thus, in climatic terms, many coastal stations in northern China display characteristics of inland stations; T’ien-ching, for example, lies about five hundred miles from the Pacific edge of the continental shelf East China sea, and is in effect, then, five hundred miles “inland.”

1969, Norton Ginsburg, “The Geography of China”, in Joseph Kitagawa, editor, Understanding Modern China, Quadrangle Books, →LCCN, →OCLC, page 56

When P’u-yi arrived in Ch’ang-ch’un to take up his post as Chief Executive of Manchukuo, he was accompanied by only one wife, the Empress Beauty in Flower: his Secondary Consort, Elegant Ornament, had run off and divorced him in T’ien-ching the previous year.

1994, Tony Scotland, The Empty Throne: The Quest for an Imperial Heir in the People's Republic of China, Penguin Books, →ISBN, →OCLC, →OL, page 88

The British invoked the clause of the Nanking treaty, which had agreed that foreign vessels and their crews would not submit to Chinese law, Britain and France joined forces, and in 1857 a combined naval force seized Canton, taking several key Chinese forts near T’ien-ching (now Tianjin) a few months later.

2013, Nicholas J. Saunders, “Opium Dreams”, in The Poppy: A History of Conflict, Loss, Remembrance and Redemption, Oneworld Publications, published 2014, →ISBN, →OCLC, page 47

Once established in their capital at Nanking, occupied March, 1853, and renamed “Heavenly Capital” (T’ien-ching), the Taipings sent out an expedition to take Peking which again made striking gains initially, but was eventually slowed, isolated, and defeated.

1960, “The Heavenly Kingdom of the Taipings”, in Wm. Theodore de Bary, Wing-tsit Chan, Chester Tan, compilers, Sources of Chinese Tradition, volume II, New York; London: Columbia University Press, →OCLC, pages 21–22

On February 18, 1853, Chiu-chiang fell to the rebels, who went on to take Anking. Less than a month later, on March 19, the Taiping forces captured the beautiful city of Nanking, which was renamed T'ien-ching (Heavenly Capital) to commemorate the occasion.

1975, Federic Wakeman, Jr., The Fall of Imperial China, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, →OL, page 152

By 1851 the Taiping army had captured large areas in the southern half of the empire, and two years later it took Nanjing, which was renamed Tianjing [T'ien-ching] ("Heavenly Capital").

1986, Madge Huntington, “The Qing Dynasty and the Continued Western Presence, 1644–1911”, in A Traveler's Guide to Chinese History, 1st edition (Travel/History), New York: Henry Holt and Company, published 1987, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, page 122