by heart

UK/baɪ ˈhɑːt/US/baɪ ˈhɑɹt/

prepositional phrase

From unaided memory and in full detail.

“to know something by heart”

Similar
by memory

Meanings

prepositional phrase

alternative off by heart

  1. From unaided memory and in full detail.

    to know something by heart

    5 more examples

    to learn something by heart

    He used to live in that town, and he still knows all the streets by heart.

    You should play over all the pieces you know by heart at least once a month or oftener with the printed copies before you: or all sorts of wrong notes may creep in, and you will be leaving out some crescendo, or rallentando, or sforzato.

    1906, The Monthly Musical Record, volume 36, page 55

    None of the other animals on the farm could get further than the letter A. It was also found that the stupider animals, such as the sheep, hens, and ducks, were unable to learn the Seven Commandments by heart.

    1943 November – 1944 February (date written; published 1945 August 17), George Orwell [pseudonym; Eric Arthur Blair], Animal Farm […], London: Secker & Warburg, published May 1962, →OCLC

    Two weeks into the investigation, Jo-Anne’s grandmother, Mary Riley, received a call at her home. When Mary picked up the phone, a heavy male voice said, “Listen to this.” It was followed by the sounds of a young child sobbing hysterically into the receiver. Mary firmly believed this voice belonged to her granddaughter, then the line went dead. This detail alarmed investigators because Mary’s home phone number was unlisted and Jo-Anne was one of the very few people who might have known the private number by heart.

    2026 July 25, Nicholas Muhoro, “The Last Call of Jo-Anne Pedersen, the Girl Who Vanished From a Payphone”, in Skip Boring, archived from the original on 26 Jul 2026

Synonyms & antonyms

adverbby committing to memory

Similar
by memory
Also see

Synonym sets from Open English WordNet, CC BY 4.0.

Origin

  1. Middle Englishby herte
  2. Englishby heart

From Middle English by herte. Compare French par cœur (literally “by heart”), of which the English may be a calque.

Full word history & related roots →

Translations

Arabic عَنْ ظَهْرِ ٱلْقَلْبِ
  • عَنْ ظَهْرِ ٱلْقَلْبِ (ʕan ẓahri l-qalbi)Translations
Bulgarian наизу́ст
  • наизу́ст (naizúst)Translations
Catalan de cor, de memòria
  • de corTranslations
  • de memòriaTranslations
Chinese Mandarin 靠記憶 /靠记忆
  • 靠記憶 /靠记忆 (kào jìyì)Translations
Czech zpaměti, nazpaměť
  • zpamětiTranslations
  • nazpaměťTranslations
Danish udenad
  • udenadTranslations
Dutch uit het hoofd, van buiten
  • uit het hoofdTranslations
  • van buitenTranslations
Esperanto parkere
  • parkereTranslations
Estonian peast, pähe
  • peastTranslations
  • päheTranslations
Finnish ulkoa
  • ulkoaTranslations
French par cœur, de mémoire
  • par cœurTranslations
  • de mémoireTranslations
  • de têteTranslations
German auswendig
  • auswendigTranslations
Greek απέξω
  • απέξω (apéxo)Translations
Hebrew בְּעַל פֶּה
  • בְּעַל פֶּה (be'ál pé)Translations
Hungarian kívülről, fejből
  • kívülrőlTranslations
  • fejbőlTranslations
  • betéveTranslations
Icelandic utan að
  • utan aðTranslations
Italian a memoria
  • a memoriaTranslations
Japanese 暗記して, 空で
  • 暗記して (anki-shite)Translations
  • 空で (sora-de)Translations
Korean 암기하다
  • 암기하다 (amgihada)Translations
Latin memoriter
  • memoriterTranslations
Lithuanian mintinai
  • mintinaiTranslations
Norwegian Bokmål utenat
  • utenatTranslations
Persian از بر, از حفظ
  • از بر (az bar)Translations
  • از حفظ (az hefz)Translations
Polish na pamięć
  • na pamięćTranslations
Portuguese de cor, de memória
  • de corTranslations
  • de memóriaTranslations
  • na ponta da línguaTranslations
  • de cabeçaTranslations
Romanian pe de rost, pe dinafară
  • pe de rostTranslations
  • pe dinafarăTranslations
Russian наизу́сть, на па́мять
  • наизу́сть (naizústʹ)Translations
  • на па́мять (na pámjatʹ)Translations
  • назубо́к (nazubók)Translations
Scottish Gaelic air teangaidh
  • air teangaidhTranslations
Slovak naspamäť, spamäti
  • naspamäťTranslations
  • spamätiTranslations
Spanish de memoria, de cabeza
  • de memoriaTranslations
  • de cabezaTranslations
Swedish utantill
  • utantillTranslations
Turkish ezbere, ezberden
  • ezbereTranslations
  • ezberdenTranslations
Ukrainian на па́м'ять
  • на па́м'ять (na pámʺjatʹ)Translations
Cite this entry
APA

by heart. (n.d.). In WatkinsX Dictionary. Retrieved November 4, 2026, from https://dictionary.watkinsx.com/word/by%20heart

MLA

“by heart.” WatkinsX Dictionary, https://dictionary.watkinsx.com/word/by%20heart. Accessed November 4, 2026.

Chicago

WatkinsX Dictionary, s.v. “by heart,” accessed November 4, 2026, https://dictionary.watkinsx.com/word/by%20heart.

Source: by heart on Wiktionary, CC BY-SA 4.0.