perihelion

The story

1. Proto-Indo-European · derived from*sóh₂wl̥“sun”
2. Proto-Indo-European · derived from*per-“before, in front; first”
3. Ancient Greek · derived fromπερι-“around; surrounding”
4. Late Latin · borrowed fromperihelium
5. English todayperihelion

PIE word *sóh₂wl̥ From perihelium (“perihelion”) (obsolete) + -ion (suffix used for other names of apsides). Perihelium is borrowed from Late Latin perihelium, from Ancient Greek περι- (peri-, “around; surrounding”), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *per- (“before, in front; first”)) + ἥλιος (hḗlios, “sun”) (ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *sóh₂wl̥ (“sun”)), which was modelled after perigeum (“point in an orbit about the Earth that is closest to the Earth, perigee”).

Words from the same roots