Word origins

• hThe eighth letter of the English alphabet, called aitch and written in the Latin script.
• figThe fruit of the fig tree, pear-shaped and containing many small seeds.
• WahhabismA Sunni Islamic fundamentalist reform movement based on the teachings of Muhammad ibn Abd al-Wahhab (c. 1703–1792), followed primarily in Saudi Arabia and Qatar.
• 10th of RamadanA city in Sharqia Governorate, Egypt.
• 6th of OctoberA satellite city of Cairo in Giza governate, Egypt.
• Allah's HouseKaaba
• Arab Republic of EgyptOfficial name of Egypt: a country in North Africa and West Asia.
• Arab streetPublic opinion in Arab nations.
• Atlas MountainsA mountain range in northwestern Africa, occupying portions of Morocco, Algeria, and Tunisia.
• axis of resistanceAn Iranian-led, anti-American, anti-Zionist, Shiite Islamist coalition in the Middle East whose significant participants include the IRGC, Hezbollah, Hamas, and the Houthis.
• AyyubidOf or pertaining to the Ayyubid dynasty, a Sunni Muslim dynasty of Kurdish origin founded by Saladin and centred in Egypt.
• BohairicThe Coptic dialect of the western Nile delta and Alexandria, used as a widespread standard dialect in the second millennium CE
• Bride of the Red SeaSynonym of Jeddah.
• broken pluralAn irregular plural formed by changing the pattern of consonants and vowels inside the singular form, found in the Semitic languages and other Afroasiatic languages such as Berber. An example in Arabic is مَكَاتِب (makātib, “desks”), the plural form of مَكْتَب (maktab, “desk”).
• Commander of the FaithfulArabic title of caliphs and other independent sovereign Muslim rulers who claim legitimacy from a community of Muslims.
• dawn prayerfajr, the first of the five daily prayers offered by practising Muslims.
• Dome of the RockA shrine, located on the Temple Mount in Jerusalem, which contains the Foundation Stone.
• dragon's wortA perennial herb, tarragon, Artemisia dracunculus.
• Eastern ProvinceA province of Sri Lanka. Capital: Trincomalee.
• Empty QuarterA desert encompassing most of the southern third of the Arabian Peninsula.
• false dawnA thin ambient light which precedes true dawn, typically by around an hour, in certain parts of the world.
• Farewell SermonA sermon given by Muhammad in 632 on Mount Arafat.
• Farthest Mosquethe Temple Mount (Al-Aqsa compound) in Jerusalem
• from the river to the seaA slogan expressing support for Palestinian self-determination.
• Holy SpiritThe person (hypostasis) of the Trinity or Godhead corresponding to divine essence present in the faithful (particularly inspired prophets) and considered to proceed either from (Eastern Orthodoxy) God the Father alone or (Roman Catholicism) from Him together with God the Son.
• House of AllahThe Kaaba.
• Kingdom of MoroccoOfficial name of Morocco: a country in North Africa.
• lunar letterSynonym of moon letter.
• moon letterOne of fourteen Arabic letters that do not affect the pronunciation of the "L" of a preceding definite article (ال- (al--)). The "L" in the Arabic definite article is pronounced "L" when followed by a moon letter: e.g., القُرْآن (al-qurʔān). The fourteen moon letters are: ء (ʔ), ب (b), ج (j), ح (ḥ), خ (ḵ), ع (ʕ), غ (ḡ), ف (f), ق (q), ك (k), م (m), ه (h), و (w), ي (y)
• mother of allUsed before a plural noun to form a compound noun having the sense of: the greatest or largest of (its kind); the most epic example of (its kind).
• New ValleyA locality in the Armidale council area and the Inverell council area, north-eastern New South Wales, Australia.
• Night of PowerSynonym of Laylatul Qadr.
• Noble SanctuaryThe Temple Mount, when viewed as an Islamic holy site (specifically, the third holiest site).
• North SinaiA governorate in north-eastern Egypt.
• noun of placeIn Arabic and other Semitic languages, a noun formed from a root and expressing the sense of "place of X".
• nunationIn Standard Arabic, The use of a suffix ("-n") signifying a lack of syntactical definiteness of the noun or adjective.
• oriental danceSynonym of belly dance.
• oxeyeHeliopsis spp.
• peace be upon himan honorific phrase used by Muslims after any mention in speech or print of holy persons
• People of the BookNon-Muslim adherents of religions based on holy scripture, especially of the Abrahamic religions.
• People's Democratic Republic of AlgeriaOfficial name of Algeria: a country in North Africa.
• SahidicA Coptic dialect that was spoken in southern Egypt.
• Seal of the ProphetsMuhammad.
• solar letterSynonym of sun letter.
• sound pluralIn Semitic and other Afro-Asiatic languages, a regular plural formed by adding a suffix, without changes to the stem. An example in Arabic is مُسْلِمُونَ (muslimūna, “Muslims”), the plural form of مُسْلِم (muslim, “Muslim”), formed by adding the suffix ـُونَ (-ūna), and مُسْلِمَات (muslimāt, “Muslim women”), formed by adding the suffix ـَاتٌ (-ātun).
• South SinaiA governorate in north-eastern Egypt.
• sun letterOne of fourteen Arabic letters that cause the "L" of a preceding definite article اَل (al-) to be assimilated in pronunciation. The sun letter suppresses the sound of the "L" and then geminates: al + ṣīn = aṣ-ṣīn. The effect of the sun letter is limited to pronunciation and does not affect the spelling, except that a shadda may be written over the sun letter and in the fully vocalised spelling lām lacks any diacritics: الصِّين (aṣ-ṣīn). The fourteen sun letters are ت (t), ث (ṯ), د (d), ذ (ḏ), ر (r), ز (z), س (s), ش (š), ص (ṣ), ض (ḍ), ط (ṭ), ظ (ẓ), ل (l), ن (n). Phonetically, they represent coronal consonants.
• sword verseAny of a number of verses in the Qur'an that may be interpreted as promoting violence against nonbelievers.
• Syrian Arab ArmyThe army of Syria from 1963 to 2024.
• Syrian Arab RepublicOfficial name of Syria: a country in West Asia, in the Middle East.
• Tangier-Tetouan-Al HoceimaAn administrative region of Morocco. Capital: Tangier.
• United Arab EmiratesA country in West Asia in the Middle East. Capital: Abu Dhabi. Largest city: Dubai.
• West BankA Palestinian territory on the west bank of the Jordan river, claimed by and under the partial administration of the State of Palestine, and illegally occupied by Israel.