Word origins

• UdmurtA member of the people inhabiting Udmurtia or speaking Udmurt.
• YeniseiA river in Russia, the longest river of Siberia. It flows from south to north into the Arctic Ocean, splitting Siberia in two parts: the Eastern Siberia and the Western Siberia.
• IsakovA surname from Russian.
• YudinA surname from Russian.
• FSINThe Russian Federal Penitentiary Service.
• ZamyatinA transliteration of the Russian surname Замятин (Zamjatin).
• ArtyomA male given name, variant of Artemius.
• KolymaAn area in the far north-eastern region of Russia; location of Stalinist slave labour camps in the 1930s to 1950s.
• NukusThe capital city of the autonomous Republic of Karakalpakstan, within the Republic of Uzbekistan.
• KomsomolYoung Communist League, the former youth wing of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union.
• KomsomolskA city in Khabarovsk Krai, Russia, on the Amur river; in full, Komsomolsk-na-Amure or Komsomolsk-on-Amur.
• GlazovA town in Udmurtia, Russia, located along the Trans-Siberian Railway.
• PotaninA transliteration of the Russian surname Пота́нин (Potánin)
• chagaA parasitic fungus of trees, usually birch, found on the circumboreal region of the Northern hemisphere, Inonotus obliquus.
• adaptogenAny natural herbal substance, such as ginseng, that is purported to assist the body to adapt to stress, and to exert a normalizing effect upon body functions.
• CharynA surname.
• KadetA member of the Constitutional Democratic Party of the Russian Empire.
• BorofskyA surname from Russian.
• SolovyovA transliteration of the Ukrainian surname Соловьйов (Solovʹjov).
• DudayevA Chechen surname
• UrgenchA city in Uzbekistan.
• sokhaRussian ard (a type of wooden plough with high, horizontal draft-poles and usually two metal-tipped ploughshares, originating in Northern Russia in medieval times and widely used in Russia and nearby countries until the early 20th century)
• GrunskyA surname from Russian.
• KhimkiA city in Moscow Oblast, Russia.
• TobolskA city in Tyumen Oblast, Russia.
• AnapaA town, a resort town in Krasnodar Krai, in southern Russia, on the Black Sea.
• KhokhlovA surname from Russian.
• amanatA Native American hostage taken by Russian colonists.
• SverdlovA transliteration of the Russian surname Свердлов (Sverdlov).
• ElizavetaA transliteration of the Russian female given name Елизаветa (Jelizaveta).
• TermezThe regional capital of the Surxondaryo region, Uzbekistan.
• AbashevBelonging to or pertaining to a Bronze Age era culture from the Chuvash region of Russia.See Abashevo culture
• AbazinSynonym of Abaza.
• AcmeismA literary movement in early twentieth-century Russia, reacting against symbolism and concerned with greater immediacy in poetic language.
• adjikaA hot, spicy but subtly flavoured paste often used to flavour food, mainly in the Caucasian regions of Abkhazia and Samegrelo.
• AdygeyskA city in Adygea, Russia.
• AfanasyA transliteration of the Russian male given name Афана́сий (Afanásij).
• agrogorodAn administrative unit in the USSR, composed of an amalgamation of collective farms.
• AgrogorodokA village, the administrative centre of Michurin Rural Okrug, Abay Raion, Karaganda Oblast, Kazakhstan.
• AgryzA city in Tatarstan, Russia.
• AK-47The Soviet-built 1947 Kalashnikov assault rifle or any similar rifle built to this design.
• akanyeA case of vowel reduction in Slavic languages; the merger of pretonic non-high vowel phonemes (/o/, /e/ and /a/).
• AkopyanA surname from Armenian.
• AlbatsA transliteration of the Russian surname Альба́ц (Alʹbác).
• AlexandropolFormer name of Gyumri.
• AleyskyA district of Altai Krai, Russia.
• Alma-AtaA former name of Almaty, previous capital of Kazakhstan.
• altynAn obsolete Russian coin worth three kopeks.
• AndreefA surname from Russian.
• AntoninovkaFormer name of Antonivka: a village in Prostorne silrada, Jankoy Raion, the Crimea, Ukraine; known by this name until 1956.
• AntonovskayaThree hamlets in Russia.
• apparatchikA member of the Soviet apparat; a Communist bureaucrat or agent.
• ArakelovA surname from Armenian
• araksA river in Turkey, Armenia, Iran and Azerbaijan and empties into Kura river.
• archiereyThe higher order of clergy in Russia, including metropolitans, archbishops, and bishops.
• arendatorIn the Russian Empire, a person who farmed local rents or revenues.
• arshinAn obsolete Russian length unit, equal to 71.12 centimeters, or 28 inches.
• ArtyomovskSynonym of Artemovsk.
• ArzamasA city in Nizhny Novgorod Oblast, Russia.
• AsimovaA surname.
• astatkiA thick liquid residuum obtained in the distillation of Russian petroleum, much used as fuel.
• atomgradA planned city built to facilitate the construction and operation of a nuclear power plant or other nuclear facility in the Soviet Union.
• babulyaAn Eastern European (especially Russian) grandmother.
• BadiagaA freshwater sponge (genus Spongilla) formerly used to treat bruises, pleurisy, scrofula, etc.
• baillie brushkieThe parakeet auklet.
• BaksanA river in Kabardino-Balkaria, Russia.
• BakuninismSupport for Mikhail Bakunin respectively his propositions.
• BalachkaThe dialects spoken by Cossacks living in Russia, heavily influenced by Ukrainian dialects but features akanye, like standard and central Russian.
• BalazeikinA transliteration of the Russian surname Балазейкин (Balazejkin)
• barankaA traditional Russian dough ring, somewhat smaller than a bublik, but also thinner and drier.
• barchanAn arc-shaped shifting sand dune comprising well-sorted (uniformly sized) sand.
• barmaA regal Russian mantle or neckpiece made of gold, encrusted with diamonds and other gems.
• barraboraAn Aleutian underground dwelling.
• bashlykA protective cone-shaped hood with lappets for wrapping around the neck, used especially by Turks and Cossacks.
• batogA rod or cane used for corporal punishment in Russia.
• baydzharakhA roughly cone shaped rock formation, usually consisting of siltstone, peat or loam.
• BayevA surname used in Eastern Europe and Russia.
• BayevskyA district of Altai Krai, Russia.
• BelenkoA surname from Russian
• BelogorovkaA village in Dëgtevo urban settlement, Millerovsky Raion, Rostov Oblast, Central Federal District, Russia.
• BeloozeroFormer name of Belozersk.
• BelozerskA town in Vologda Oblast, Russia.
• BelukhaThe highest peak of the Altai Mountains in Russia and the highest of the system of the South Siberian Mountains.
• BerdichevA city and raion of Zhytomyr Oblast, Ukraine.
• berestologyThe scientific study of birchbark manuscripts.
• berkovetsAn old Russian unit of weight, approximately 164 kilograms or 10 poods.
• berkutSynonym of golden eagle.
• beshmetA knee-length outer garment with a short stand-up collar, typical of Turkic, Mongolian and Caucasian peoples, similar to a short kaftan.
• BesicovitchA surname
• beskozyrkaA flat visorless sailor's cap.
• bespredelA fundamental breakdown in the established norms of a society, due to its citizens no longer having a collective understanding of the customs, values or institutions of that society; particularly in a Russian or post-Soviet context.
• BezpopovtsyA branch of Old Believers which is primarily known for its rejection of the ordained priesthood
• bidarkaA kayak constructed by covering a light wooden frame (lashed together with sinew) in sea lion hides.
• bifshtekA Russian ground meat dish, often made from beef, consisting of minced meat mixed with various ingredients such as onions, spices, and sometimes breadcrumbs or eggs, shaped into patties or cutlets and pan-fried or baked.
• biritchA card game, a precursor to bridge.
• BirobidzhanA city, the administrative center of the Jewish Autonomous Oblast, Russia.
• bitkiSynonym of bitochki (“a kind of meatball from Slavic countries”).
• bitochkiA type of round-shaped, flattened cutlets or patties, prepared from chopped meat or grains.
• blinchikA thin Russian pancake, served stuffed with a sweet or savory filling.
• blintsiA type of flat pancakes made from very thin batter.