surgical

What it means

1. Of, relating to, used in, or resulting from surgery.

   Similar studies of rats have employed four different intracranial resorbable, slow sustained release systems—surgical foam, a thermal gel depot, a microcapsule or biodegradable polymer beads.

   2013 May-June, Charles T. Ambrose, “Alzheimer’s Disease”, in American Scientist, volume 101, number 3, archived from the original on 24 Apr 2013, page 200

   Synonyms: operative

2. figurativelyPrecise or very accurate.

   The building was destroyed with a surgical air-strike.

3. figurativelyExcruciatingly or wearyingly drawn-out.

In a sentence

Similar studies of rats have employed four different intracranial resorbable, slow sustained release systems—surgical foam, a thermal gel depot, a microcapsule or biodegradable polymer beads.

2013 May-June, Charles T. Ambrose, “Alzheimer’s Disease”, in American Scientist, volume 101, number 3, archived from the original on 24 Apr 2013, page 200

Where it comes from

1. Proto-Indo-European*ǵʰes-
2. Proto-Indo-European*ǵʰésōr
3. Proto-Hellenic*kʰéhər
4. Ancient Greekχείρ (kheír)
5. Proto-Indo-European*werǵ-
6. Proto-Indo-European*worǵós
7. Proto-Hellenic*worgós
8. Ancient Greekχειρουργός (kheirourgós)
9. Ancient Greekχειρουργῐκός (kheirourgĭkós)
10. Late Latinchīrurgicus
11. Proto-Indo-European*h₂el-
12. Proto-Indo-European*h₂élisder.?
13. Medieval Latincirurgicālis
14. Middle Frenchcirurgica
15. Middle Englishcirurgical
16. Englishsurgical

From Middle English cirurgical, borrowed from Middle French cirurgical, from Medieval Latin cirurgicālis, ultimately from Ancient Greek χειρουργία (kheirourgía), from χείρ (kheír, “hand”) + ἔργον (érgon, “work”). Replaced Old English Old English læċe (“doctor, physician”). By surface analysis, surgery + -ical.