middle ages

UK, US/ˌmɪdl̩ ˈeɪdʒɪz/

proper noun

The period of primarily European history between the decline of the Western Roman Empire (antiquity) and the early modern period or the Renaissance; the time between c. 500 and 1500 CE.

Meanings

middle ages1

proper nounthe middle ages
  1. Alternative letter-case form of Middle Ages.

    And lastly, obstetrical chairs seemed most natural to the accoucheurs of the middle ages.

    1951 February, Forrest H. Howard, “The Physiologic Position for Delivery”, in Northwest Medicine, volume 50, number 2, Portland, Ore.: Northwest Medical Publishing Association, page 98
    5 more examples

    “As we have,” he said, "in the course of this our toilsome journey, lost our meridian,* indulgence shall be given to those of our attendants who shall, from very weariness, be unable to attend the duty at prime, and this by way of misericord or indulgentia.”[…]* The hour of repose at noon, which, in the middle ages, was employed in slumber, and which the monastic rules of nocturnal vigils rendered necessary.

    1820 March, [Walter Scott], chapter V, in The Monastery. A Romance. […], volume II, Edinburgh: […] Longman, Hurst, Rees, Orme, and Brown, […]; and for Archibald Constable and Co., and John Ballantyne, […], →OCLC, pages 187–188

    Courts of love, hawking, hunting, cavalcades, were the pastime of the châtelaines of the middle ages.

    1864, “The “Courts of Love” in Provence”, in Bentley’s Miscellany, volume LVI, London: Chapman and Hall, translation of Les Cours d’Amour, les Comtesses et Châtelaines de Provence by [Jean-Baptiste] Capefigue, page 392

    For the convenience of this paper I shall call the man who runs Amok an “Amoker,” and the crime “Amoking.” / It is necessary to state at once that I do not in any way intend to discuss the point as to whether the judicial execution of men Amoking is right or wrong, or as to whether execution of all Amokers would tend to lessen the frequency of the crime. I believe Penang has claimed that the Chief Justice’s (Sir Wm. Norris) sentence, which reads like one of those of the middle ages, and which I will give in detail later on, passed upon an Amoker, and carried out within eight days of the Amok in 1846, was the means of stamping out Amok entirely for years, but I can obtain no reliable information in proof of this.

    1893 July, W. Gilmore Ellis, “The Amok of the Malays”, in D. Hack Tuke, Geo. H. Savage, editors, The Journal of Mental Science, volume XXXIX, number 166 (new series, 130), part 1, “Original Articles”, London: J. and A. Churchill, […], page 325

    Whereas in the middle ages the idea of acquiring wealth was limited by a body of moral rules imposed under the sanction of religious authority, after 1500 those rules, and the institutions, habits, and ideas to which they had given birth, were no longer deemed adequate. They were felt as constraint. They were evaded, criticized, abandoned, because it was felt that they interfered with the exploitation of the means of production.

    1936, Harold J[oseph] Laski, “The Background”, in The Rise of European Liberalism: An Essay in Interpretation, London: George Allen & Unwin Ltd, page 20

    Moving into the middle ages, William the Conqueror managed to rout the English and rule the country, then see off numerous plots and assassination attempts, before his horse did for him in a nasty fall, killing him at 60.

    2012 March 2, James Ball, “Not my kingdom for a horse: an equine political history”, in The Guardian

Middle Ages2

proper nounthe Middle Ages

alternative Middle Age · alternative middle Age · alternative middle age · alternative Middle ages · alternative middle Ages · alternative middle ages · alternative abbreviation Mid. Ages

  1. historyThe period of primarily European history between the decline of the Western Roman Empire (antiquity) and the early modern period or the Renaissance; the time between c. 500 and 1500 CE.

    The Third and last Part will be rather Historical than Critical, being an Essay on the Taste and Literature of the middle Age.

    a. 1780, James Harris, Philological Inquiries, in three parts, part I, London: Charles Nourse, published 1781, epistle dedicatory, page 4
    5 more examples

    The Geography of the middle Ages, ſays Mr. Juncker, ought to begin with the Diviſion of the Roman Empire made by Theodoſius the Great, about the End of the fourth Century, and muſt not reach farther than the Time of the Emperor Maximilian I. who divided Germany into Circles in the beginning of the XVIth Century.

    1722, Memoirs of Literature, second edition, volume VI, London: Robert Knaplock · Paul Vaillant, article xxxix. Leipsick., page 296

    Middle Age denotes the ſpace of time commencing from Conſtantine, and ending at the taking of Conſtantinople by the Turks, in the fifteenth century. Martin. Dial. Geogr. in Pref. Mem. de Trev. an. 1729. p. 1359. See alſo Bibl. Univ. T. 12. p. 393. ſeq.

    1753, Ephraim Chambers, edited by George Lewis Scott and John Hill, A Supplement to Mr. Chambers’s Cyclopædia; or, Univerſal Dictionary of Arts and Sciences., volume I, London: several publishers, s.v. AGE, subentry Middle Age

    The Interval between the fall of these two Empires (the Weſtern or Latin in the fifth Century, the Eaſtern or Grecian in the fifteenth) making a ſpace of near a thouſand years, conſtitutes what we call the Middle Age. The Middle Age in this usage spans the years 476–1453.

    ibidem, part III, chapter i, page 240

    The Middle Ages, according to the division I have adopted, comprize about one thousand years, from the invasion of France by Clovis to that of Naples by Charles VIII.

    1818, Henry Hallam, View of the State of Europe during the Middle Ages, third edition, volume III, London: John Murray, published 1822, chapter ix: “On the State of Society in Europe during the Middle Ages.”, part i, page 304

    A term usually employed to denote, somewhat vaguely, a space of several centuries in European annals, intervening between what are called the ancient and modern periods of history. The centuries between the ninth or tenth and the end of the fifteenth after Christ are generally comprehended under this loose denomination. In the work of Mr. Hallam on the Middle Ages, that historian has assumed as his period of commencement the conquest of Gaul by the Franks, about A. D. 500; and, for his conclusion, the invasion of Italy by Charles VIII., about 1500; and with reference to the affairs of the Greeks and their oriental neighbours, he places, as the most convenient limit between ancient and modern history, the era of Mohammed.

    1842, William Thomas Brande, Joseph Cauvin, editors, A Dictionary of Science, Literature, & Art, London: Longman, Brown, Green, and Longmans, s.v. MIʹDDLE AGES, page 741/1

    Synonyms: Barbarous Age, Dark Ages

Middle ages3

proper nounthe Middle ages
  1. Alternative letter-case form of Middle Ages.

middle Ages4

proper nounthe middle Ages
  1. Alternative letter-case form of Middle Ages.

Synonyms & antonyms

proper nounThe period of primarily European history between the decline of the Western Roman Empire (antiquity) and the early modern period or the Renaissance; the time between c. 500 and 1500 CE.

Translations

Arabic الْعُصُور الْوُسْطَى, الْقُرُون الْوُسْطَى
  • الْعُصُور الْوُسْطَى (al-ʕuṣūr al-wusṭā)historical period
  • الْقُرُون الْوُسْطَى (al-qurūn al-wusṭā)historical period
Bengali মধ্যযুগ
  • মধ্যযুগ (moddhojug)historical period
Bulgarian средновеко́вие, сре́дни векове́
  • средновеко́вие (srednovekóvie)historical period
  • сре́дни векове́ (srédni vekové)historical period
Catalan edat mitjana
  • edat mitjanahistorical period
Chinese Cantonese 中世紀 /中世纪, 中古時代 /中古时代
  • 中世紀 /中世纪 (zung¹ sai³ gei²)historical period
  • 中古時代 /中古时代 (zung¹ gu² si⁴ doi⁶)historical period
  • 中古 (zung¹ gu²)historical period
Chinese Mandarin 中世紀 /中世纪, 中古時代 /中古时代
  • 中世紀 /中世纪 (zhōngshìjì)historical period
  • 中古時代 /中古时代 (zhōnggǔ shídài)historical period
  • 中古historical period
Czech středověk
  • středověkhistorical period
Danish middelalder
  • middelalderhistorical period
Dutch middeleeuwen
  • middeleeuwenhistorical period
Esperanto mezepoko
  • mezepokohistorical period
Estonian keskaeg
  • keskaeghistorical period
Finnish keskiaika
  • keskiaikahistorical period
French Moyen Âge
  • Moyen Âgehistorical period
German Mittelalter
  • Mittelalterhistorical period
Greek Μεσαίωνας
  • Μεσαίωνας (Mesaíonas)historical period
Hebrew ימי הביניים, יְמֵי הַבֵּינַיִם
  • ימי הבינייםhistorical period
  • יְמֵי הַבֵּינַיִם (y'mei habeináyim)historical period
Hindi मध्यकाल, मध्य युग
  • मध्यकाल (madhyakāl)historical period
  • मध्य युग (madhya yug)historical period
Hungarian középkor
  • középkorhistorical period
Icelandic miðaldir
  • miðaldirhistorical period
Indonesian Abad Pertengahan
  • Abad Pertengahanhistorical period
Irish An Mheánaois
  • An Mheánaoishistorical period
Italian Medioevo
  • Medioevohistorical period
Japanese 中世
  • 中世 (chūsei)historical period
Korean 중세
  • 중세 (jungse)historical period
Latin Medium Aevum, Aera Mediaevālis
  • Medium Aevumhistorical period
  • Aera Mediaevālishistorical period
  • Media Aetāshistorical period
  • Medium Tempushistorical period
Latvian viduslaiki
  • viduslaikihistorical period
Lithuanian viduramžiai
  • viduramžiaihistorical period
Malay Zaman Pertengahan
  • Zaman Pertengahanhistorical period
Norwegian Bokmål middelalder, mellomalder
  • middelalderhistorical period
  • mellomalderhistorical period
Polish średniowiecze
  • średniowieczehistorical period
Portuguese Idade Média, medievo
  • Idade Médiahistorical period
  • medievohistorical period
Romanian Evul Mediu
  • Evul Mediuhistorical period
Russian средневеко́вье, сре́дние века́
  • средневеко́вье (srednevekóvʹje)historical period
  • сре́дние века́ (srédnije veká)historical period
Scottish Gaelic Na Linntean Meadhanach, Na Meadhan-aoisean
  • Na Linntean Meadhanachhistorical period
  • Na Meadhan-aoiseanhistorical period
Slovak stredovek
  • stredovekhistorical period
Spanish Edad Media, medioevo
  • Edad Mediahistorical period
  • medioevohistorical period
  • Medievohistorical period
Swahili Zama za Kati
  • Zama za Katihistorical period
Swedish medeltiden
  • medeltidenhistorical period
Tagalog Edad Medya, Gitnang Kapanahunan
  • Edad Medyahistorical period
  • Gitnang Kapanahunanhistorical period
Thai สมัยกลาง, ยุคกลาง
  • สมัยกลาง (sà-mǎi-glaang)historical period
  • ยุคกลาง (yúk-glaang)historical period
  • มัชฌิมยุค (mát-chí-má-yúk)historical period
Turkish Orta Çağ
  • Orta Çağhistorical period
Ukrainian середньові́ччя, сере́дні віки́
  • середньові́ччя (serednʹovíččja)historical period
  • сере́дні віки́ (serédni viký)historical period
Urdu قُرُونِ وُسْطیٰ, اَزْمِنَۂ وُسْطیٰ
  • قُرُونِ وُسْطیٰ (qurūn-i vustā)historical period
  • اَزْمِنَۂ وُسْطیٰ (azmina-yi vustā)historical period
Vietnamese trung cổ, trung đại
  • trung cổhistorical period
  • trung đạihistorical period
Welsh yr Oesoedd Canol
  • yr Oesoedd Canolhistorical period
Yiddish מיטל עלטער
  • מיטל עלטער (mitl elter)historical period
Cite this entry
APA

middle ages. (n.d.). In WatkinsX Dictionary. Retrieved November 2, 2026, from https://dictionary.watkinsx.com/word/middle%20ages

MLA

“middle ages.” WatkinsX Dictionary, https://dictionary.watkinsx.com/word/middle%20ages. Accessed November 2, 2026.

Chicago

WatkinsX Dictionary, s.v. “middle ages,” accessed November 2, 2026, https://dictionary.watkinsx.com/word/middle%20ages.

Source: middle ages on Wiktionary, CC BY-SA 4.0.