Newfoundland

1. A large island off the coast of eastern Canada, which, along with Labrador, has composed the Canadian province of Newfoundland and Labrador since 1949, and the Dominion of Newfoundland, before it.

   Synonyms: Island of Newfoundland, Newfoundland Island, the Rock

2. historicalFormer name of Newfoundland and Labrador.
3. abbreviationellipsisinformalEllipsis of Newfoundland and Labrador.

   Cecil Stuckless was fixing a Jeep in Salvage, Newfoundland with his son-in-law, who was working under the car.

   2013 July 22, “Septuagenarian Superhero? Man Lifts Car Off Son-In-Law”, in NPR, archived from the original on 28 Apr 2024

4. historicalA former North American constituent country of the British Empire; in full, Dominion of Newfoundland.
5. historicalA former North American colony of the British Empire; in full, Colony of Newfoundland.

plural Newfoundlands

1. A very large breed of working dog from Newfoundland, with a shaggy, usually black coat, known for its water rescue ability, strength, and gentle disposition.

   The younger, a frank, bold, bright-eyed child, was mounted on a large Newfoundland dog, whose impatience the elder brother was trying to soothe.

   1831, L[etitia] E[lizabeth] L[andon], chapter XVIII, in Romance and Reality. […], volume III, London: Henry Colburn and Richard Bentley, […], →OCLC, page 311

   1 more example

   In dogs most of the breeds, useful, ornamental, large, and small are represented, from the great gaunt, grisly deerhound, the huge mastiff, the generous St. Bernard and Newfoundland, to the friendly, industrious, ultra-intelligent collie and the toy terrier.

   1894 September 14, The South Australian Register, Adelaide, page 7, column 2

   Synonyms: Newf