paraph

par·aph
P3A1R1A1P3H4
UK/ˈpaɹəf/US/ˈpɛrəf/US/pəˈræf/

noun

A flourish made after or below one's signature, originally to prevent forgery.

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Scrabble 13

Meanings

nounparaph (plural paraphs)

plural paraphs

  1. A flourish made after or below one's signature, originally to prevent forgery.

    Synonyms: flourish

  2. A mark used by medieval rubricators to indicate textual division.
    1 more example

    Commencing with a C-shaped paraph-sign in the same brown ink, the glosses are linked to their corresponding passages by alphabetic signs comprising single letters in a sequence beginning with a in each margin, moving on to b, c, and d down the page, and, ideally, linking with the same letter in the adjacent column. Such a pairing allows for matching the gloss with the specific location in the text where its comment should be considered.

    2016 October 3, “It’s A Wrap”, in Research Group on Manuscript Evidence
verbparaph (third-person singular simple present paraphs, present participle paraphing, simple past and past participle paraphed)

present singular third person paraphs · participle present paraphing · participle past paraphed · past paraphed

  1. transitiveTo add a paraph to; to sign, especially with one's initials.

Synonyms & antonyms

nounA flourish made after or below one's signature, originally to prevent forgery.

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Also see

Origin

  1. Ancient Greekπαράγραφος
  2. Middle Frenchparaphe
  3. Medieval Latinparaffus
  4. Middle Englishparaf
  5. Englishparaph

Inherited from Middle English paraf, from Medieval Latin paraffus or its etymon Middle French paraphe, paraffe, shortening of paragraphe, from Ancient Greek παράγραφος (parágraphos).

Full word history & related roots →

Translations

Bulgarian завъртулка
  • завъртулка (zavărtulka)flourish after signature
Esperanto parafo
  • parafoflourish after signature
French paraphe
  • parapheflourish after signature
German Paraphe
  • Parapheflourish after signature
Italian parafa, paraffo
  • parafaflourish after signature
  • paraffoflourish after signature
  • paraffaflourish after signature
Russian пара́ф, ро́счерк
  • пара́ф (paráf)flourish after signature
  • ро́счерк (rósčerk)flourish after signature
Cite this entry
APA

paraph. (n.d.). In WatkinsX Dictionary. Retrieved November 3, 2026, from https://dictionary.watkinsx.com/word/paraph

MLA

“paraph.” WatkinsX Dictionary, https://dictionary.watkinsx.com/word/paraph. Accessed November 3, 2026.

Chicago

WatkinsX Dictionary, s.v. “paraph,” accessed November 3, 2026, https://dictionary.watkinsx.com/word/paraph.

Source: paraph on Wiktionary, CC BY-SA 4.0.