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It is usually rapidly progressing osteolytic lesions that initiated just prior to death, such as those that occur in malignant cancers that tend to present the most problems in recognition. Examples of such lesions exist in anatomical collections in individuals documented to have died of cancer. If similar lesions were found in archaeological remains, distinguishing them from post-depositional defects might be challenging, particularly if they were overlain with taphonomic damage[…].

2023, Simon Mays, “The Macroscopic Study of Human Skeletal Paleopathology” (chapter 2), in The Routledge Handbook of Paleopathology, Routledge, →DOI, →ISBN, pages 28–29