bohemian

Bo·he·mi·an
B3O1H4E1M3I1A1N1
US/boʊˈhimi.ən//bəʊ̯ˈhiː.mi.(ə̯)n̩/UK/bəʊ̯ˈhiː.miː.ən/Canada, US/boʊ̯ˈhi.mi.ən/

noun

A person, especially an artist or writer, who lives an unconventional or nonconformist lifestyle.

Less commonFirst used 16th c.Scrabble 15

Meanings

bohemian1

nounbohemian (plural bohemians)

plural bohemians · alternative Bohemian

  1. A person, especially an artist or writer, who lives an unconventional or nonconformist lifestyle.

    Whitman was, by no means, the "King of Bohemia"—that title went to Henry Clapp Jr., the founding editor of the Saturday Press—but the bohemians embraced and supported him at a crucial moment in his career.

    2014, Joanna Levin, Edward Whitley, editors, Whitman among the Bohemians, University of Iowa Press, page xiv
    2 more examples

    Burlington, where Mr. Twitchell grew up and where he now spends summers, was singled out by David Brooks in his wickedly funny “Bobos in Paradise” as a model Latte Town, a city that has perfectly reconciled the mercenary instincts of the bourgeoisie with the artistic spirit of the bohemians to create an upscale consumer culture.

    2002 July 7, Patricia Cohen, “In Defense Of Our Wicked, Wicked Ways”, in The New York Times, New York, N.Y.: The New York Times Company, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 28 Jan 2018

    During 1940–1941, the few Hollywood bohemians that did appear received "harsher" depictions. The United States' preparations for and eventual entry into World War II figured prominently in this decline and change in the treatment of Hollywood bohemians.

    2008, Brett L. Abrams, Hollywood Bohemians, McFarland, page 195
adjectivebohemian (comparative more bohemian, superlative most bohemian)

comparative more bohemian · superlative most bohemian · alternative Bohemian

  1. Unconventional, especially in habit or dress.

    2001, Baz Luhrmann, Craig Pearce (scriptwriters), Moulin Rouge!, Please tell me you're not one of Toulouse's oh-so-talented, charmingly bohemian, tragically impoverished protégés!

    3 more examples

    Cowell's earlier, more bohemian years are not only the most interesting, they comprise the only part of his life for which one could reasonably attempt to do the kind of work that I have tried to do here.

    2002, Michael Hicks, Henry Cowell, Bohemian, University of Illinois Press, page 4

    Georgetown, a Jesuit university and a "hot big city school" (Mathews 2007:53): is popularly believed to be "hotter," wealthier, more bohemian, more liberal, and more laid back than its secular counterpart, GWU.

    2014, Shabana Mir, Muslim American Women on Campus, University of North Carolina Press, page 18

    The magazine's aesthetic also bends it into more bohemian territory. Food articles often have botanical illustrations of lesser-eaten greenery like endive and watercress, drawn by artist John Burgoyne.

    2017, Shawn Chandler Bingham, “Bohemian Groves, Grooves, Gardens, and Guns”, in Shawn Chandler Bingham, Lindsey A. Freeman, editors, The Bohemian South, University of North Carolina Press, page 271

Bohemian2

nounBohemian (plural Bohemians)

plural Bohemians

  1. A native or resident of Bohemia.First known use 16th c.
  2. archaicA Gypsy, a Romani.First known use 16th c.
  3. Alternative letter-case form of bohemian; someone known for flouting social conventions, especially someone involved in the arts.First known use 19th c.

    Despite such setbacks - and Rowie had many of them during her career - she remains a true Bohemian in the classic tradition.

    1965, Attila Zohar, Kings Cross Black Magic, Sydney: Horwitz Publications, page 113
adjectiveBohemian (not comparable)
  1. not comparableOf, or relating to Bohemia or its language.First known use 16th c.

    He observed, that the Bohemian language was true Sclavonick.

    1791, James Boswell, Life of Johnson, Oxford, published 2008, page 467
    1 more example

    Her grandparents on one side were Bohemian, or Czech, as it was called now.

    2020, Brandon Taylor, Real Life, Daunt Books Originals, page 33
  2. not comparableAlternative letter-case form of bohemian; unconventional in habit or dress.

    Synonyms: Bohemish

proper noun
  1. historicalThe Czech language.First known use 17th c.

Synonyms & antonyms

adjectiveAlternative letter-case form of bohemian; unconventional in habit or dress.

Similar

More synonyms by meaning

nouna member of a people with dark skin and hair who speak Romany and who traditionally live by seasonal work and fortunetelling; they are believed to have originated in northern India but now are living on all continents (but mostly in Europe, North Africa, and North America)

Broader

adjectiveunconventional in especially appearance and behavior

Synonym sets from Open English WordNet, CC BY 4.0.

Origin

bohemian · noun, adjective

  1. Frenchbohémien“person from Bohemia”
  2. Englishbohemian

Borrowed from French bohémien (“person from Bohemia”), from Bohême (“Bohemia”), equivalent to Bohemia + -an. In 19th century France, Romani people were believed to come from Bohemia (part of present-day Czechia). The term bohémien was then adopted to describe members of the scene of artists and intellectuals who lived unconventional and impoverished lifestyles in Paris, perceived as living like gypsies. Popularized by the 1851 Henri Murger novel Scenes of Bohemian Life (Scènes de la vie de bohème).

Full word history & related roots →

Bohemian · noun, adjective, proper noun

  1. Proto-Indo-European*gʷṓws
  2. Proto-Celtic*bāus
  3. LatinBoiī
  4. Proto-Indo-European*ḱey-
  5. Proto-Indo-European*ḱóymos
  6. Proto-Indo-European*teḱ-
  7. Proto-Indo-European*tḱéytibf.
  8. Proto-Indo-European*tḱey-
  9. Proto-Indo-European*tḱóymos
  10. Proto-Germanic*haimaz
  11. Late LatinBoiohaemum
  12. Middle FrenchBohême
  13. FrenchBohême
  14. EnglishBohemia
  15. Frenchbohémieninflu.
  16. EnglishBohemian

From Bohemia + -ian. First attested in 1548. In sense of Romani and by association, marginalized artists, from bohémien (“person from Bohemia, Romani”). Regarding the sense evolution, compare gypsy.

Full word history & related roots →

Translations

Brazilian Portuguese boêmio, boêmia
  • boêmioperson whose lifestyle is unconventional
  • boêmiaperson whose lifestyle is unconventional
  • boêmiounconventional
  • boêmionative or resident of Bohemia
  • boêmianative or resident of Bohemia
  • boêmioof, or relating to Bohemia or its language
Catalan bohemi, bohèmia
  • bohemiperson whose lifestyle is unconventional
  • bohèmiaperson whose lifestyle is unconventional
  • bohemiunconventional
  • boheminative or resident of Bohemia
  • bohèmianative or resident of Bohemia
  • bohemiRomani
  • bohèmiaRomani
  • bohemiàRomani
  • bohemianaRomani
  • bohemiof, or relating to Bohemia or its language
Chinese Mandarin 波西米亞人 /波西米亚人, 非主流的
  • 波西米亞人 /波西米亚人person whose lifestyle is unconventional
  • 非主流的 (fēizhǔliú de)unconventional
Czech bohém, bohémský
  • bohémperson whose lifestyle is unconventional
  • bohémskýunconventional
  • Čechnative or resident of Bohemia
  • českýof, or relating to Bohemia or its language
Danish boheme, bøhmer
  • bohemeperson whose lifestyle is unconventional
  • bøhmernative or resident of Bohemia
Dutch Bohemer, Boheemse
  • Bohemernative or resident of Bohemia
  • Boheemsenative or resident of Bohemia
  • Bohemerinnative or resident of Bohemia
  • Boheemsof, or relating to Bohemia or its language
  • Bohemerof, or relating to Bohemia or its language
European Portuguese boémio, boémia
  • boémioperson whose lifestyle is unconventional
  • boémiaperson whose lifestyle is unconventional
  • boémiounconventional
  • boémionative or resident of Bohemia
  • boémianative or resident of Bohemia
  • boémioof, or relating to Bohemia or its language
Finnish boheemi, boheemi
  • boheemiperson whose lifestyle is unconventional
  • boheemiunconventional
  • böömiläinennative or resident of Bohemia
  • böömiläinenof, or relating to Bohemia or its language
German unkonventionell, Böhme
  • unkonventionellunconventional
  • Böhmenative or resident of Bohemia
  • Böhminnative or resident of Bohemia
Greek μποέμ, μποέμισσα
  • μποέμ (boém)person whose lifestyle is unconventional
  • μποέμισσα (boémissa)person whose lifestyle is unconventional
  • μποέμικος (boémikos)unconventional
  • Βοημός (Voïmós)native or resident of Bohemia
  • Βοημή (Voïmí)native or resident of Bohemia
  • Βοημίδα (Voïmída)native or resident of Bohemia
  • Τσιγγάνος (Tsingános)Romani
  • Τσιγγάνα (Tsingána)Romani
  • βοημικός (voïmikós)of, or relating to Bohemia or its language
Hungarian bohém, bohém
  • bohémperson whose lifestyle is unconventional
  • bohémunconventional
Irish Boihéamach, Boihéamach
  • Boihéamachnative or resident of Bohemia
  • Boihéamachof, or relating to Bohemia or its language
Italian boemo, boemo
  • boemonative or resident of Bohemia
  • boemoof, or relating to Bohemia or its language
  • boemoCzech language
Korean 보헤미안
  • 보헤미안 (bohemian)person whose lifestyle is unconventional
Latin Bohemus, bohemicus
  • Bohemusnative or resident of Bohemia
  • bohemicusof, or relating to Bohemia or its language
Polish cygan, cyganka
  • cyganperson whose lifestyle is unconventional
  • cygankaperson whose lifestyle is unconventional
  • cygańskiunconventional
  • mieszkaniec Bohemiinative or resident of Bohemia
  • mieszkanka Bohemiinative or resident of Bohemia
  • CyganRomani
  • CygankaRomani
  • czeskiof, or relating to Bohemia or its language
  • bohemskiof, or relating to Bohemia or its language
  • (język) bohemskiCzech language
Portuguese boêmio, boémio
  • boêmioCzech language
  • boémioCzech language
Romanian boem, boem
  • boemperson whose lifestyle is unconventional
  • boemunconventional
  • boemnative or resident of Bohemia
  • boemănative or resident of Bohemia
  • boemof, or relating to Bohemia or its language
Russian боге́мный, боге́мный
  • боге́мный (bogémnyj)person whose lifestyle is unconventional
  • боге́мный (bogémnyj)unconventional
  • боге́мец (bogémec)native or resident of Bohemia
  • боге́мка (bogémka)native or resident of Bohemia
  • боге́мский (bogémskij)of, or relating to Bohemia or its language
  • боге́мский (bogémskij)Czech language
Spanish bohemio, bohemia
  • bohemioperson whose lifestyle is unconventional
  • bohemiaperson whose lifestyle is unconventional
  • bohemiounconventional
  • bohemionative or resident of Bohemia
  • bohemianative or resident of Bohemia
  • bohemioof, or relating to Bohemia or its language
Swedish bohem, bohemisk
  • bohemperson whose lifestyle is unconventional
  • bohemiskunconventional
  • böhmarenative or resident of Bohemia
  • böhmiskof, or relating to Bohemia or its language
Tagalog Bohemyo, Bohemyo
  • Bohemyoperson whose lifestyle is unconventional
  • Bohemyonative or resident of Bohemia
Turkish bohem
  • bohemunconventional
Ukrainian боге́мний, боге́мський
  • боге́мний (bohémnyj)unconventional
  • боге́мський (bohémsʹkyj)of, or relating to Bohemia or its language

Rhymes & wordplay

Rhymes with bohemian

All rhymes →

Anagrams

Cite this entry
APA

bohemian. (n.d.). In WatkinsX Dictionary. Retrieved November 2, 2026, from https://dictionary.watkinsx.com/word/bohemian

MLA

“bohemian.” WatkinsX Dictionary, https://dictionary.watkinsx.com/word/bohemian. Accessed November 2, 2026.

Chicago

WatkinsX Dictionary, s.v. “bohemian,” accessed November 2, 2026, https://dictionary.watkinsx.com/word/bohemian.

Source: bohemian on Wiktionary, CC BY-SA 4.0.