deaf

D2E1A1F4
/dɛf/England, US, archaic, dialectal/diːf/Early, Modern/dɛːf/

adjective

Unable (or partially able) to hear.

“Those people are deaf to reason.”

Opposite
CommonScrabble 8

Meanings

deaf1

adjectivedeaf (comparative deafer, superlative deafest)

comparative deafer · superlative deafest

  1. Unable (or partially able) to hear.

    My brother has been deaf since sustaining injuries in the war.

    3 more examples

    It's important for TV shows to provide closed captioning for the deaf.

    Come on my right hand, for this ear is deaf.

    1599 (first performance), William Shakespeare, “The Tragedie of Iulius Cæsar”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act I, scene ii]

    Deaf vvith the noyſe I took my haſty flight.

    1665 (first performance), John Dryden, The Indian Emperour, or, The Conquest of Mexico by the Spaniards. […], London: […] J[ohn] M[acock] for H[enry] Herringman […], published 1667, →OCLC, Act I, scene ii, page 6
  2. Unwilling to listen or be persuaded; determinedly inattentive.

    Those people are deaf to reason.

    2 more examples

    O, that men's ears should be / To counsel deaf, but not to flattery!

    c. 1605–1608 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Life of Tymon of Athens”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act I, scene ii]

    The curioſity of the lady was highly inflamed, to know the hiſtory of the parrot's tranſmigration, which ſhe intreated the bird with all her eloquence to relate; but he preſented a deaf ear to her importunity, and, like a painted nightingale, remained ſilent.

    1769, Firishta, translated by Alexander Dow, Tales translated from the Persian of Inatulla of Delhi, volume I, Dublin: P. and W. Wilson et al., page 12
  3. Of or relating to the community of deaf people.

    The best place to fight Hollywood deafism is in our deaf schools. If we give our children understanding and appreciation of our rich culture and sign language, the students will gain a deaf heritage and become more creative, more aware, and more assertive global deaf citizens.

    1994, Bruce N. Snider, Carol Erting, Robert C. Johnson, The Deaf Way, page 734
  4. obsoleteObscurely heard; stifled; deadened.

    A deaf murmur through the squadron went.

    1717, John Dryden [et al.], “(please specify |book=I to XV)”, in Ovid’s Metamorphoses in Fifteen Books. […], London: […] Jacob Tonson, […], →OCLC
  5. UKdialectalobsoleteDecayed; tasteless; useless.

    a deaf nut; deaf corn

    1 more example

    If the season be unkindly and intemperate, they [peppers] will catch a blast; and then the seeds will be deafe, void, light, and naught.

    1601, C[aius] Plinius Secundus [i.e., Pliny the Elder], “(please specify |book=I to XXXVII)”, in Philemon Holland, transl., The Historie of the World. Commonly Called, The Naturall Historie of C. Plinius Secundus. […], (please specify |tome=1 or 2), London: […] Adam Islip, →OCLC
noundeaf (plural deafs)

plural deafs

  1. nonstandardrareA deaf person.

    Two deafs did not always make deaf babies.

    2015, Judith Richards, The Sounds of Silence, →ISBN
    3 more examples

    Among the second group of philanthropic educational institutions the institutes for the deafs and dumbs must be mentioned.

    1897, József Jekelfalussy, The Millennium of Hungary and Its People, page 347

    Negotiations for South Vietnam's political future and the enforcement of cease-fire between two sides progressed like a conversation between two deafs.

    1980, Cao Van Vien, Van Khuyen Dong, Reflections on the Vietnam War

    "I work with the blind mostly. Some deafs too," I told her.

    2014, Chelsea Handler, My Horizontal Life, →ISBN
verbdeaf (third-person singular simple present deafs, present participle deafing, simple past and past participle deafed)

present singular third person deafs · participle present deafing · participle past deafed · past deafed

  1. obsoletetransitiveTo deafen.

    Svvift as a VVhirl-vvind to the Nurſe he flyes; / And deafs his ſtormy Subjects vvith his cries.

    1680, John Dryden, “Canace to Macareus”, in Ovid, Ovid’s Epistles, […], London: […] Jacob Tonson […], →OCLC, page 13
    2 more examples

    It is enough, my hearing shall be punish'd With what shall happen, -- 'gainst the which there is No deafing -- but to hear, not taint mine eye With dread sights that it may shun.

    1634, John Fletcher, William Shakespeare, Two Noble Kinsmen

    Shall we, I say, that have been so long civil and wealthy in peace, famous and invincible in war, fortunate in both, we that have been ever able to aid any of our neighbours (but never deafed any of their ears with any of our supplications for assistance) shall we, I say, without blushing, abase ourselves so far, as to imitate these beastly Indians, slaves to the Spaniards, refuse to the world, and as yet aliens from the holy covenant of God?

    1871, Charlse Hindlley, A Kicksey Winsey: Or a Lerry Come-Twang

Deaf2

adjectiveDeaf (not comparable)
  1. not comparableOf or relating to the culture surrounding deaf users of sign languages.

    There are Deaf clubs in many cities, but the clubs are just a part of the larger community of Deaf people.

    2006, David Alan Stewart, Elizabeth Stewart, American Sign Language the Easy Way, Barron's Educational Series, →ISBN, page 101
    1 more example

    Today, sign languages are the means of communication and interaction in Deaf communities around the world and have been shown to contain all the linguistic complexities and potentials of spoken languages (Stokoe, 1960/2005).

    2005, Patricia Elizabeth Spencer, Marc Marschark, Advances in the Spoken Language Development of Deaf and Hard-of-Hearing Children, Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 3

Synonyms & antonyms

adjectivelacking or deprived of the sense of hearing wholly or in part

Opposite

adjective(usually followed by ‘to’) unwilling or refusing to pay heed

verbmake or render deaf

Similar

Synonym sets from Open English WordNet, CC BY 4.0.

Origin

deaf · adjective, noun, verb

  1. Proto-Indo-European*dʰewbʰ-“to whisk, smoke, darken, obscure”
  2. Proto-Germanic*daubaz“deaf or stunned”
  3. Proto-West Germanic*daub“deaf”
  4. Old Englishdēaf
  5. Middle Englishdef
  6. Englishdeaf

From Middle English def, deef, from Old English dēaf, from Proto-West Germanic *daub (“deaf”), from Proto-Germanic *daubaz (“deaf or stunned”), from Proto-Indo-European *dʰewbʰ- (“to whisk, smoke, darken, obscure”). Cognate with Ancient Greek τυφλός (tuphlós, “blind”). See also dumb. Doublet of daff, dof, and dowf. Cognate with Dutch doof, German taub, Danish and Norwegian Bokmål døv, Norwegian Nynorsk dauv, Swedish döv, Faroese deyvur, Icelandic daufur.

Full word history & related roots →

Translations

Afrikaans dowe
  • doweunable to hear
Ancient Greek κωφός
  • κωφός (kōphós)unable to hear
Arabic أَصَمّ, أَطْرَش
  • أَصَمّ (ʔaṣamm)unable to hear
  • أَطْرَش (ʔaṭraš)unable to hear
  • اَلصُّمّ (aṣ-ṣumm)unable to hear, used as a substantive: deaf people considered as a group
Basque gor
  • gorunable to hear
Bulgarian глух
  • глух (gluh)unable to hear
Catalan sord, els sords
  • sordunable to hear
  • els sordsunable to hear, used as a substantive: deaf people considered as a group
Chinese Cantonese 耳聾 /耳聋, 聾 /聋
  • 耳聾 /耳聋unable to hear
  • 聾 /聋 (lung⁴)unable to hear
Chinese Mandarin 聾 /聋, 耳聾 /耳聋
  • 聾 /聋 (lóng)unable to hear
  • 耳聾 /耳聋 (ěrlóng)unable to hear
Czech hluchý
  • hluchýunable to hear
Danish døv
  • døvunable to hear
Dutch doof, dove
  • doofunable to hear
  • doveunable to hear
  • dovenunable to hear, used as a substantive: deaf people considered as a group
  • doven-relating to the culture of deaf signers
Esperanto surda
  • surdaunable to hear
Estonian kurt
  • kurtunable to hear
Finnish kuuro, kuulovammainen
  • kuurounable to hear
  • kuulovammainenunable to hear
  • kuurounable to hear, used as a substantive: deaf people considered as a group
French sourd, les sourds
  • sourdunable to hear
  • les sourdsunable to hear, used as a substantive: deaf people considered as a group
German taub, gehörlos
  • taubunable to hear
  • gehörlosunable to hear
  • die Gehörlosenunable to hear, used as a substantive: deaf people considered as a group
  • die Taubenunable to hear, used as a substantive: deaf people considered as a group
Greek κωφός, κουφός
  • κωφός (kofós)unable to hear
  • κουφός (koufós)unable to hear
  • κωφός (kofós)unable to hear, used as a substantive: deaf people considered as a group
Hawaiian kuli
  • kuliunable to hear
Hebrew חֵירֵשׁ, חירשים
  • חֵירֵשׁ (kheresh)unable to hear
  • חירשים (kher'shím)unable to hear, used as a substantive: deaf people considered as a group
Hindi बहरा, बधिर
  • बहरा (bahrā)unable to hear
  • बधिर (badhir)unable to hear
Hungarian süket, (PC) siket
  • süketunable to hear
  • (PC) siketunable to hear
Icelandic daufur, heyrnarlaus
  • daufurunable to hear
  • heyrnarlausunable to hear, used as a substantive: deaf people considered as a group
  • heyrnarlausrelating to the culture of deaf signers
  • döffrelating to the culture of deaf signers
Indonesian tuli, tuna rungu
  • tuliunable to hear
  • tuna runguunable to hear
Irish bodhar
  • bodharunable to hear
Italian sordo, i sordi
  • sordounable to hear
  • i sordiunable to hear, used as a substantive: deaf people considered as a group
  • i non udentiunable to hear, used as a substantive: deaf people considered as a group
Japanese 耳の聞こえない, 耳が不自由
  • 耳の聞こえない (mimi no kikoenai)unable to hear
  • 耳が不自由 (mimi ga fujiyuu)unable to hear
  • 聾 (tsumbo)unable to hear, used as a substantive: deaf people considered as a group
  • 聾者 (rōsha)unable to hear, used as a substantive: deaf people considered as a group
  • 聴覚障害者 (chōkaku-shōgaisha)unable to hear, used as a substantive: deaf people considered as a group
  • ろう (rō)relating to the culture of deaf signers
Korean 귀먹다, 농인
  • 귀먹다 (gwimeokda)unable to hear
  • 농인 (nong'in)unable to hear, used as a substantive: deaf people considered as a group
Latin surdus
  • surdusunable to hear
Latvian kurls, nedzirdīgs
  • kurlsunable to hear
  • nedzirdīgsunable to hear
Lithuanian kurčias
  • kurčiasunable to hear
Malay pekak, tuli
  • pekakunable to hear
  • tuliunable to hear
  • congekunable to hear
  • tunakernaunable to hear
Māori turi, pūwharawhara
  • turiunable to hear
  • pūwharawharaunable to hear
  • pihoiunwilling to listen
Norwegian Bokmål døv
  • døvunable to hear
Persian کر, ناشنوا
  • کر (kar)unable to hear
  • ناشنوا (nâšenavâ)unable to hear
Polish głuchy, głusi
  • głuchyunable to hear
  • głusiunable to hear, used as a substantive: deaf people considered as a group
Portuguese surdo, mouco
  • surdounable to hear
  • moucounable to hear
  • surdosunable to hear, used as a substantive: deaf people considered as a group
Romanian surd
  • surdunable to hear
Russian глухо́й, глухие
  • глухо́й (gluxój)unable to hear
  • глухие (gluxije)unable to hear, used as a substantive: deaf people considered as a group
Scottish Gaelic bodhar
  • bodharunable to hear
Slovak hluchý, nepočujúci
  • hluchýunable to hear
  • nepočujúciunable to hear, used as a substantive: deaf people considered as a group
Spanish sordo, sordos
  • sordounable to hear
  • sordosunable to hear, used as a substantive: deaf people considered as a group
  • sordasunable to hear, used as a substantive: deaf people considered as a group
Swahili viziwi
  • viziwiunable to hear, used as a substantive: deaf people considered as a group
Swedish döv, döva
  • dövunable to hear
  • dövaunable to hear, used as a substantive: deaf people considered as a group
  • döv-relating to the culture of deaf signers
Tagalog bingi
  • bingiunable to hear
Thai หูหนวก
  • หูหนวก (hǔu-nùuak)unable to hear
Turkish sağır, sağırlar
  • sağırunable to hear
  • sağırlarunable to hear, used as a substantive: deaf people considered as a group
Ukrainian глухи́й
  • глухи́й (hluxýj)unable to hear
Urdu بہرا
  • بہرا (bahrā)unable to hear
Vietnamese điếc
  • điếcunable to hear
Welsh byddar, byddar
  • byddarunable to hear
  • byddarunable to hear, used as a substantive: deaf people considered as a group
  • byddairunable to hear, used as a substantive: deaf people considered as a group
Yiddish טויב, טויבלעך
  • טויב (toyb)unable to hear
  • טויבלעך (toyblekh)unable to hear
  • חושימדיק (khushemdik)unable to hear

Rhymes & wordplay

Rhymes with deaf

All rhymes →

Sounds the same

Deafdefdeath (th-fronting)Deafdefdeath (th-fronting)Deafdefdeath (th-fronting)deafdef

Anagrams

Cite this entry
APA

deaf. (n.d.). In WatkinsX Dictionary. Retrieved November 2, 2026, from https://dictionary.watkinsx.com/word/deaf

MLA

“deaf.” WatkinsX Dictionary, https://dictionary.watkinsx.com/word/deaf. Accessed November 2, 2026.

Chicago

WatkinsX Dictionary, s.v. “deaf,” accessed November 2, 2026, https://dictionary.watkinsx.com/word/deaf.

Source: deaf on Wiktionary, CC BY-SA 4.0.