spruce

S1P3R1U1C3E1
US/spɹuːs/Northern Ireland, Scotland/spɹʉs/

noun

Any of various large coniferous evergreen trees or shrubs from the genus Picea, found in northern temperate and boreal regions; originally and more fully spruce fir.

“That spruce table is beautiful!”

Less commonScrabble 10

Meanings

spruce1

nounspruce (countable and uncountable, plural spruces or spruce)

plural spruces

  1. countableuncountableAny of various large coniferous evergreen trees or shrubs from the genus Picea, found in northern temperate and boreal regions; originally and more fully spruce fir.
  2. uncountableThe wood of a spruce.
  3. attributivecountableuncountableMade of the wood of the spruce.

    That spruce table is beautiful!

  4. countableobsoleteuncountablePrussian leather; pruce.
adjectivespruce (comparative sprucer, superlative sprucest)

comparative sprucer · superlative sprucest

  1. comparableSmart, trim, and elegant in appearance; fastidious (said of a person).

    The two clean rooms, where chips are made, are sprucer than a hospital theatre.

    2012 October 13, “Plessey returns: Chips with everything”, in The Economist, London: The Economist Group, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 13 Oct 2012
    4 more examples

    Hovv often vvould the Svvaines prepare their Morrice & their May / To haue a ſight of her, vvhen all enamoured vvent their vvay? / The ſprevvſeſt Citie-Lads for her vvould faine the Countrie-aire, / And that their prouder Girles had but adultrate beauties ſvvaire, […]

    1606, William Warner, “The Sixteenth Booke. Chapter CI.”, in A Continuance of Albions England: […], London: […] Felix Kyngston [and Richard Bradock?] for George Potter, […], →OCLC, page 399

    [A] baker's boy in a white apron and blue jumpers went by carrying a basket of bread on his head; and from the nearby tobacconist's, a spruce young lieutenant dressed in a black uniform emerged lighting a cigarette.

    1916, Henry Beston, A Volunteer Poilu

    He had great neatness of person, and he continued to wear his spruce black coat and his bowler hat, always a little too small for him, in a dapper, jaunty manner.

    1919, W[illiam] Somerset Maugham, chapter XXXI, in The Moon and Sixpence, [New York, N.Y.]: Grosset & Dunlap Publishers […], →OCLC

    A spruce young lieutenant came over, saluted and clambered into the back of our jeep, and we were off.

    1952, Norman Lewis, Golden Earth

    Synonyms: pulchritudinous

verbspruce (third-person singular simple present spruces, present participle sprucing, simple past and past participle spruced)

present singular third person spruces · participle present sprucing · participle past spruced · past spruced

  1. usuallywith upTo arrange neatly; tidy up.

    Synonyms: prettify, neaten, titivate

  2. ambitransitiveusuallywith upTo make oneself spruce (neat and elegant in appearance).
  3. To tease.

Spruce2

proper noun
  1. obsoletePrussia.
  2. A number of places in the United States:
    1. A township in Roseau County, Minnesota, named for spruce trees there.

Synonyms & antonyms

adjectiveSmart, trim, and elegant in appearance; fastidious (said of a person).

verbTo arrange neatly; tidy up.

More synonyms by meaning

adjectivemarked by up-to-dateness in dress and manners

verbdress and groom with particular care, as for a special occasion

Synonym sets from Open English WordNet, CC BY 4.0.

Origin

spruce · noun, adjective, verb

  1. Middle EnglishSpruce
  2. Englishspruce

From Middle English Spruce, an alteration of Pruce (“Prussia”), from Medieval Latin, from a Baltic language, probably Old Prussian; for more, see Prussia. Spruce, spruse (1412), and Sprws (1378) were terms for commodities brought to England by Hanseatic merchants (beer, wood, leather). The tree with this name was also believed to have been native to Prussia. The adjective and verb senses ("trim, neat" and "to make trim, neat") are attested from 1594, and originate with spruce leather (1466), which was used to make a popular style of jerkins in the 1400s that was considered smart-looking.

Full word history & related roots →

Spruce · proper noun

For Prussia, an alteration of Pruce; see that entry and spruce for more.

Full word history & related roots →

Translations

Afrikaans spar
  • spartree from the genus Picea
Arabic تَنُّوب
  • تَنُّوب (tannūb)tree from the genus Picea
Basque picea
  • piceatree from the genus Picea
Bulgarian смърч, спретнат
  • смърч (smărč)tree from the genus Picea
  • спретнат (spretnat)smart and elegant
  • издокаран (izdokaran)smart and elegant
Catalan avet roig
  • avet roigtree from the genus Picea
Chinese Mandarin 雲杉 /云杉
  • 雲杉 /云杉 (yúnshān)tree from the genus Picea
Czech smrk, smrk
  • smrktree from the genus Picea
  • smrkwood of a spruce
  • smrkovýattributive: made of the wood of the spruce
Danish gran, grantræ
  • grantree from the genus Picea
  • grantræwood of a spruce
  • granwood of a spruce
  • granbrænde (firewood)wood of a spruce
  • gran-attributive: made of the wood of the spruce
Dutch spar, spar
  • spartree from the genus Picea
  • sparwood of a spruce
  • sparrenhoutwood of a spruce
Esperanto piceo
  • piceotree from the genus Picea
Estonian kuusk, kuusepuit
  • kuusktree from the genus Picea
  • kuusepuitwood of a spruce
  • kuuskneattributive: made of the wood of the spruce
  • kuuse-attributive: made of the wood of the spruce
  • ontliksmart and elegant
  • vikssmart and elegant
  • siivassmart and elegant
  • sihvakassmart and elegant
  • krannsmart and elegant
Finnish kuusi, kuusi
  • kuusitree from the genus Picea
  • kuusiwood of a spruce
  • kuusipuinenattributive: made of the wood of the spruce
  • kuusi-attributive: made of the wood of the spruce
  • tyylikässmart and elegant
French épicéa, épinette
  • épicéatree from the genus Picea
  • épinettetree from the genus Picea
German Fichte, Fichtenholz
  • Fichtetree from the genus Picea
  • Fichtenholzwood of a spruce
Greek ερυθρελάτη
  • ερυθρελάτη (erythreláti)tree from the genus Picea
Hawaiian lāʻau hū
  • lāʻau hūtree from the genus Picea
Hebrew אשוחית
  • אשוחיתtree from the genus Picea
Hungarian lucfenyő, luc
  • lucfenyőtree from the genus Picea
  • luctree from the genus Picea
Icelandic greni, grön
  • grenitree from the genus Picea
  • gröntree from the genus Picea
  • greniwood of a spruce
  • greni-attributive: made of the wood of the spruce
Irish sprús, breabhsánta
  • sprústree from the genus Picea
  • breabhsántasmart and elegant
  • piocthasmart and elegant
Italian abete rosso, peccio
  • abete rossotree from the genus Picea
  • pecciotree from the genus Picea
Japanese 唐檜
  • 唐檜 (tōhi)tree from the genus Picea
Korean 가문비나무
  • 가문비나무 (gamunbinamu)tree from the genus Picea
Latin picea
  • piceatree from the genus Picea
Latvian egle
  • egletree from the genus Picea
Lithuanian eglė
  • eglėtree from the genus Picea
Norwegian Bokmål gran, gran
  • grantree from the genus Picea
  • granwood of a spruce
  • granattributive: made of the wood of the spruce
Polish świerk, świerk
  • świerktree from the genus Picea
  • świerkwood of a spruce
  • świerkowyattributive: made of the wood of the spruce
  • eleganckismart and elegant
Portuguese abeto vermelho, pícea
  • abeto vermelhotree from the genus Picea
  • píceatree from the genus Picea
  • esprucetree from the genus Picea
  • píceawood of a spruce
  • abeto vermelhowood of a spruce
Romanian molid, molid
  • molidtree from the genus Picea
  • molidwood of a spruce
Russian ель, ёлка
  • ель (jelʹ)tree from the genus Picea
  • ёлка (jólka)tree from the genus Picea
  • ель (jelʹ)wood of a spruce
  • ело́вый (jelóvyj)attributive: made of the wood of the spruce
  • наря́дный (narjádnyj)smart and elegant
  • элега́нтный (elegántnyj)smart and elegant
  • изя́щный (izjáščnyj)smart and elegant
  • щеголева́тый (ščegolevátyj)smart and elegant
Scottish Gaelic giuthas, giuthas
  • giuthastree from the genus Picea
  • giuthaswood of a spruce
Slovak smrek
  • smrektree from the genus Picea
Spanish pícea
  • píceatree from the genus Picea
Swahili msprusi
  • msprusitree from the genus Picea
Swedish gran, gran
  • grantree from the genus Picea
  • granwood of a spruce
  • granträwood of a spruce
  • gran-attributive: made of the wood of the spruce
  • stiligsmart and elegant
  • flottsmart and elegant
  • elegantsmart and elegant
Turkish ladin
  • ladintree from the genus Picea
Ukrainian яли́ця, смере́ка
  • яли́ця (jalýcja)tree from the genus Picea
  • смере́ка (smeréka)tree from the genus Picea
  • яли́на (jalýna)tree from the genus Picea
Vietnamese vân sam
  • vân samtree from the genus Picea
Welsh sbriws
  • sbriwstree from the genus Picea

Rhymes & wordplay

Rhymes with spruce

All rhymes →

Anagrams

Cite this entry
APA

spruce. (n.d.). In WatkinsX Dictionary. Retrieved November 2, 2026, from https://dictionary.watkinsx.com/word/spruce

MLA

“spruce.” WatkinsX Dictionary, https://dictionary.watkinsx.com/word/spruce. Accessed November 2, 2026.

Chicago

WatkinsX Dictionary, s.v. “spruce,” accessed November 2, 2026, https://dictionary.watkinsx.com/word/spruce.

Source: spruce on Wiktionary, CC BY-SA 4.0.