vain

V4A1I1N1
US, UK/veɪn/Scotland/ven/Wales/vein/

adjective

Overly proud of oneself, especially concerning appearance; having a high opinion of one's own accomplishments with slight reason.

“vain toil    a vain attempt”

Less commonScrabble 7

Meanings

vain1

adjectivevain (comparative vainer or more vain, superlative vainest or most vain)

comparative vainer · comparative more vain · superlative vainest · superlative most vain · alternative obsolete wayn

  1. Overly proud of oneself, especially concerning appearance; having a high opinion of one's own accomplishments with slight reason.

    Every writer is a narcissist. This does not mean that he is vain; it only means that he is hopelessly self-absorbed.

    1959, Leo Rosten, The return of H*Y*M*A*N K*A*P*L*A*N

    Synonyms: conceited, flatulent, puffed up, inflated, airy, arrogant, chesty, authoritarian

  2. Having no real substance, value, or importance; empty; void; worthless; unsatisfying.

    I will not hear thy vain excuse

    c. 1590–1591 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Two Gentlemen of Verona”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act III, scene i]
    2 more examples

    Let no man deceive you with vain words.

    1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, Ephesians 5:6

    Vain wisdom all, and false philosophy.

    1667, John Milton, “Book II”, in Paradise Lost. […], London: […] [Samuel Simmons], and are to be sold by Peter Parker […]; [a]nd by Robert Boulter […]; [a]nd Matthias Walker, […], →OCLC; republished as Paradise Lost in Ten Books: […], London: Basil Montagu Pickering […], 1873, →OCLC

    Synonyms: idle, valueless, base, contemptible, floccinaucinihilipilificatious, foolish, for the birds, futile

  3. Effecting no purpose; pointless, futile.

    vain toil    a vain attempt

    3 more examples

    Vain is the force of man / To crush the pillars which the pile sustain.

    1697, Virgil, “(please specify the book number)”, in John Dryden, transl., The Works of Virgil: Containing His Pastorals, Georgics, and Æneis. […], London: […] Jacob Tonson, […], →OCLC

    At our old pastimes in the hall ⁠We gambol’d, making vain pretence ⁠Of gladness, with an awful sense Of one mute Shadow watching all.

    1850, [Alfred, Lord Tennyson], “Canto XXX”, in In Memoriam, London: Edward Moxon, […], →OCLC, page 48

    But Sophia's mother was not the woman to brook defiance. After a few moments' vain remonstrance her husband complied. His manner and appearance were suggestive of a satiated sea-lion.

    1921, Ben Travers, chapter 6, in A Cuckoo in the Nest, Garden City, N.Y.: Doubleday, Page & Company, published 1925, →OCLC

    Synonyms: pointless, futile, fruitless, ineffectual, bootless, barren, futile, sterile

  4. Showy; ostentatious.

    Yet ſhall (my Lord) your juſt, your noble Rules / Fill half the land with imitating Fools: / VVho random dravvings from your ſheets ſhall take, / And of one beauty many blunders make; / Load ſome vain Church with old Theatric State, / Turn Arcs of Triumph to a Garden-gate, […]

    1735, Alexander Pope, “Epistle 4”, in The Works of Mr. Alexander Pope, volume II, London: […] J. Wright, for Lawton Gilliver […], →OCLC, page 40, lines 25–30

    Synonyms: brash, pizazzy, bedizened, blatant, blingish, brash, campy, catchpenny

vain2

verbvain (third-person singular simple present vains, present participle vaining, simple past and past participle vained)

present singular third person vains · participle present vaining · participle past vained · past vained · alternative obsolete wayn

  1. datedobsoleteraretransitiveTo frustrate.

VAIN3

nounVAIN (plural VAINs)

plural VAINs

  1. abbreviationacronymmedicineAcronym of vaginal intraepithelial neoplasia.

Synonyms & antonyms

adjectiveOverly proud of oneself, especially concerning appearance; having a high opinion of one's own accomplishments with slight reason.

adjectiveHaving no real substance, value, or importance; empty; void; worthless; unsatisfying.

Similar
narcissisticself-adoringself-admiringself-obsessedvainglorious

More synonyms by meaning

adjectivecharacteristic of false pride; having an exaggerated sense of self-importance

adjectiveunproductive of success

Synonym sets from Open English WordNet, CC BY 4.0.

Origin

vain · adjective

  1. Latinvānus“empty”
  2. Old Frenchvain
  3. Middle Englishveyn
  4. Englishvain

From Middle English veyn, from Old French vain, from Latin vānus (“empty”).

Full word history & related roots →

vain · verb

A conversion of the adjectival form of vain. The only use of this verb in English appears c. 1628 in the writings of Owen Felltham.

Full word history & related roots →

Translations

Ancient Greek ἀποφώλιος, μάταιος
  • ἀποφώλιος (apophṓlios)pointless, futile
  • μάταιος (mátaios)pointless, futile
  • τηΰσιος ψαινύθιος (tēǘsios)pointless, futile
Bulgarian суетен, тщеславен
  • суетен (sueten)overly proud of one's appearance
  • тщеславен (tšteslaven)overly proud of one's appearance
  • празен (prazen)based on very little substance
  • безсъдържателен (bezsădăržatelen)based on very little substance
  • напразен (naprazen)pointless, futile
  • безполезен (bezpolezen)pointless, futile
Catalan vanitós, va
  • vanitósoverly proud of one's appearance
  • vabased on very little substance
  • vapointless, futile
Chinese Mandarin 虛榮 /虚荣, 白白
  • 虛榮 /虚荣 (xūróng)overly proud of one's appearance
  • 白白 (báibái)pointless, futile
  • 徒然 (túrán)pointless, futile
  • 徒勞 /徒劳 (túláo)pointless, futile
Czech marný
  • marnýpointless, futile
Danish forfængelig, overfladisk
  • forfængeligoverly proud of one's appearance
  • overfladiskbased on very little substance
  • forgævespointless, futile
Dutch ijdel, nutteloos
  • ijdeloverly proud of one's appearance
  • nutteloospointless, futile
  • tevergeefspointless, futile
Esperanto vanta, vanta
  • vantaoverly proud of one's appearance
  • vantabased on very little substance
  • vanapointless, futile
Finnish turhamainen, turha
  • turhamainenoverly proud of one's appearance
  • turhabased on very little substance
  • turhapointless, futile
  • tyhjäpointless, futile
  • hyödytönpointless, futile
French vaniteux, frivole
  • vaniteuxoverly proud of one's appearance
  • frivolebased on very little substance
  • vainpointless, futile
  • futilepointless, futile
German eitel, unnütz
  • eiteloverly proud of one's appearance
  • unnützpointless, futile
  • vergeblichpointless, futile
Greek ματαιόδοξος, μάταιος
  • ματαιόδοξος (mataiódoxos)overly proud of one's appearance
  • μάταιος (mátaios)pointless, futile
Hebrew גאוותן, חסר תועלת
  • גאוותן (ga'avtán)overly proud of one's appearance
  • חסר תועלת (khasár to'élet)pointless, futile
Hindi तुच्छ, व्यर्थ
  • तुच्छ (tucch)based on very little substance
  • व्यर्थ (vyarth)pointless, futile
Hungarian hiú, öntelt
  • hiúoverly proud of one's appearance
  • önteltoverly proud of one's appearance
  • önelégültoverly proud of one's appearance
  • beképzeltoverly proud of one's appearance
  • alaptalanbased on very little substance
  • üresbased on very little substance
  • hiábavalópointless, futile
  • céltalanpointless, futile
  • hiúpointless, futile
  • feleslegespointless, futile
Irish arduallach, mustrach
  • arduallachoverly proud of one's appearance
  • mustrachoverly proud of one's appearance
  • díomasachoverly proud of one's appearance
  • in aiscepointless, futile
  • amúpointless, futile
Italian vanitoso, vanesio
  • vanitosooverly proud of one's appearance
  • vanesiooverly proud of one's appearance
  • vanopointless, futile
Latin vānus, cassus
  • vānuspointless, futile
  • cassuspointless, futile
Māori whakapehapeha, whakahīhī
  • whakapehapehaoverly proud of one's appearance
  • whakahīhīoverly proud of one's appearance
Norwegian overfladisk
  • overfladiskbased on very little substance
Norwegian Bokmål forgjeves
  • forgjevespointless, futile
Persian ایفده
  • ایفده (ifode)overly proud of one's appearance
Polish próżny
  • próżnyoverly proud of one's appearance
Portuguese vaidoso, vão
  • vaidosooverly proud of one's appearance
  • vãooverly proud of one's appearance
  • vaziobased on very little substance
  • vãopointless, futile
Russian тщесла́вный, показно́й
  • тщесла́вный (tščeslávnyj)overly proud of one's appearance
  • показно́й (pokaznój)overly proud of one's appearance
  • пусто́й (pustój)based on very little substance
  • беспло́дный (besplódnyj)based on very little substance
  • тще́тный (tščétnyj)pointless, futile
  • напра́сный (naprásnyj)pointless, futile
  • су́етный (sújetnyj)pointless, futile
Scottish Gaelic mòr às, sgòideasach
  • mòr àsoverly proud of one's appearance
  • sgòideasachoverly proud of one's appearance
  • sgòideiloverly proud of one's appearance
  • uaibhreachoverly proud of one's appearance
  • uailleachoverly proud of one's appearance
  • faoinbased on very little substance
  • faoinpointless, futile
Spanish vanidoso, vano
  • vanidosooverly proud of one's appearance
  • vanopointless, futile
  • vacuopointless, futile
Swedish fåfäng, fåfäng
  • fåfängoverly proud of one's appearance
  • fåfängpointless, futile
Ukrainian марносла́вний
  • марносла́вний (marnoslávnyj)overly proud of one's appearance
Welsh balch, gwag
  • balchoverly proud of one's appearance
  • gwagpointless, futile
  • oferpointless, futile

Rhymes & wordplay

Rhymes with vain

All rhymes →

Sounds the same

veinvane (pane–pain merger)veinvane (pane–pain merger)

Anagrams

Cite this entry
APA

vain. (n.d.). In WatkinsX Dictionary. Retrieved November 3, 2026, from https://dictionary.watkinsx.com/word/vain

MLA

“vain.” WatkinsX Dictionary, https://dictionary.watkinsx.com/word/vain. Accessed November 3, 2026.

Chicago

WatkinsX Dictionary, s.v. “vain,” accessed November 3, 2026, https://dictionary.watkinsx.com/word/vain.

Source: vain on Wiktionary, CC BY-SA 4.0.