Meanings
dour1
comparative dourer · comparative more dour · superlative dourest · superlative most dour
- Stern, harsh and forbidding.
The principal reason is that, in competition with modern road vehicles running over motorways, B.R. has a dour struggle to match the performance of its rivals cost-wise.
1961 October, “Editorial: The importance of the "Roadrailer"”, in Trains Illustrated, page 5773 more examples
I was reminded of the dour priests and salesmen of the nineteenth century who believed that the plebs wouldn’t be able to handle getting the vote, or a decent wage, or, least of all, leisure, and who backed the seventy-hour workweek as an efficacious instrument in the fight against liquor.
2017, chapter 6, in Elizabeth Manton, transl., Utopia for Realists, Kindle edition, Bloomsbury Publishing, translation of Gratis geld voor iedereen by Rutger Bregman, page 149Hayek had contributed the foreword, in which he declared that “he got so fascinated” by the book—high praise from the dour Viennese sage—that he read it from start to finish in one sitting.
2022, Gary Gerstle, chapter 4, in The Rise and Fall of the Neoliberal Order […] , New York: Oxford University Press, →ISBN, Part II. The Neoliberal Order, 1970–2020Tuchel arrived in Belgrade insisting England were ready to improve and show their quality after the dour victories that have characterised their World Cup qualification campaign.
2025 September 9, Phil McNulty, “Serbia 0-5 England”, in BBC SportSynonyms: forbidding, harsh, severe, stern
- Unyielding and obstinate.
Synonyms: stubborn
- Expressing gloom or melancholy.
Synonyms: dejected, gloomy, melancholic, sullen
dour2
Synonyms & antonyms
adjectiveStern, harsh and forbidding.
adjectiveUnyielding and obstinate.
adjectiveExpressing gloom or melancholy.
More synonyms by meaning
adjectivestubbornly unyielding
adjectiveharshly uninviting or formidable in manner or appearance
adjectiveshowing a brooding ill humor
Synonym sets from Open English WordNet, CC BY 4.0.
Origin
- Middle Irishdúr
- Latindūrus“hard, stern”
- Scotsdour
- Englishdour
Borrowed from Scots dour, possibly from Latin dūrus (“hard, stern”), via Middle Irish dúr. Compare French dur, Catalan dur, Italian duro, Portuguese duro, Romanian dur, Spanish duro. Doublet of dure.
More words from Scots, Latin, Middle Irish
Full word history & related roots →Translations
Bulgarian строг, суров
- строг (strog)stern, harsh and forbidding
- суров (surov)stern, harsh and forbidding
- мрачен (mračen)expressing gloom or melancholy
- намусен (namusen)expressing gloom or melancholy
Catalan depriment
- deprimentexpressing gloom or melancholy
Czech přísný, zarputilý
- přísnýstern, harsh and forbidding
- zarputilýunyielding and obstinate
- zasmušilýexpressing gloom or melancholy
Dutch afschrikwekkend, onverbiddelijk
- afschrikwekkendstern, harsh and forbidding
- onverbiddelijkunyielding and obstinate
- stuursexpressing gloom or melancholy
Esperanto aǔstera, severa
- aǔsterastern, harsh and forbidding
- severastern, harsh and forbidding
Finnish tyly, itsepäinen
- tylystern, harsh and forbidding
- itsepäinenunyielding and obstinate
- alakuloinenexpressing gloom or melancholy
French sévère, austère
- sévèrestern, harsh and forbidding
- austèrestern, harsh and forbidding
- durstern, harsh and forbidding
- rigoristestern, harsh and forbidding
- rigoureuxstern, harsh and forbidding
- rigideunyielding and obstinate
- inflexibleunyielding and obstinate
- obstinéunyielding and obstinate
- entêtéunyielding and obstinate
- têtuunyielding and obstinate
- moroseexpressing gloom or melancholy
- taciturneexpressing gloom or melancholy
German mürrisch, rau
- mürrischstern, harsh and forbidding
- raustern, harsh and forbidding
- verdrießlichstern, harsh and forbidding
- griesgrämigstern, harsh and forbidding
- unwirschstern, harsh and forbidding
- abweisendstern, harsh and forbidding
- unnachgiebigunyielding and obstinate
- halsstarrigunyielding and obstinate
- starrköpfigunyielding and obstinate
- störrischunyielding and obstinate
- düsterexpressing gloom or melancholy
- dumpfexpressing gloom or melancholy
Italian austero, severo
- austerostern, harsh and forbidding
- severostern, harsh and forbidding
- arcignostern, harsh and forbidding
- rigorosostern, harsh and forbidding
- rigidounyielding and obstinate
- indeflessibileunyielding and obstinate
- inflessibileunyielding and obstinate
- ostinatounyielding and obstinate
- tetroexpressing gloom or melancholy
- tristeexpressing gloom or melancholy
- lugubreexpressing gloom or melancholy
- cupoexpressing gloom or melancholy
Māori taimaha, tukumaru
- taimahastern, harsh and forbidding
- tukumaruexpressing gloom or melancholy
- pōkēkēexpressing gloom or melancholy
- whakarikirikiexpressing gloom or melancholy
Polish srogi, surowy
- srogistern, harsh and forbidding
- surowystern, harsh and forbidding
- upartyunyielding and obstinate
- nieustępliwyunyielding and obstinate
- ponuryexpressing gloom or melancholy
- posępnyexpressing gloom or melancholy
Portuguese duro, rígido
- durostern, harsh and forbidding
- rígidostern, harsh and forbidding
Russian стро́гий, суро́вый
- стро́гий (strógij)stern, harsh and forbidding
- суро́вый (suróvyj)stern, harsh and forbidding
- непрекло́нный (nepreklónnyj)unyielding and obstinate
- мра́чный (mráčnyj)expressing gloom or melancholy
Spanish severo, austero
- severostern, harsh and forbidding
- austerostern, harsh and forbidding
- durostern, harsh and forbidding
- rigoristastern, harsh and forbidding
- rigurosostern, harsh and forbidding
- rígidounyielding and obstinate
- inflexibleunyielding and obstinate
- obstinadounyielding and obstinate
- tercounyielding and obstinate
- despiadadounyielding and obstinate
- lúgubreexpressing gloom or melancholy
- taciturnoexpressing gloom or melancholy
Ukrainian суворий, строгий
- суворий (suvoryj)stern, harsh and forbidding
- строгий (strohyj)stern, harsh and forbidding
- понурий (ponuryj)expressing gloom or melancholy
- похмурий (poxmuryj)expressing gloom or melancholy
Rhymes & wordplay
Rhymes with dour
Sounds the same
Anagrams
Cite this entry
dour. (n.d.). In WatkinsX Dictionary. Retrieved November 3, 2026, from https://dictionary.watkinsx.com/word/dour
“dour.” WatkinsX Dictionary, https://dictionary.watkinsx.com/word/dour. Accessed November 3, 2026.
WatkinsX Dictionary, s.v. “dour,” accessed November 3, 2026, https://dictionary.watkinsx.com/word/dour.
Source: dour on Wiktionary, CC BY-SA 4.0.