simple

comparative simpler · comparative more simple · superlative simplest · superlative most simple

1. Uncomplicated; lacking complexity; taken by itself, with nothing added.

   We are engaged in a great work, a treatise on our river fortifications, perhaps? But since when did army officers afford the luxury of amanuenses in this simple republic?

   1910, Emerson Hough, chapter I, in The Purchase Price: Or The Cause of Compromise, Indianapolis, Ind.: The Bobbs-Merrill Company, →OCLC

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   Primitive people, colossally ignorant of the cause of disease and of curative processes, attributed to supernatural agencies any causes and effects for which their simple minds could give no natural explanations.

   1940, Rosetta E. Clarkson, Green Enchantments: The Magic Spell of Gardens, The Macmillan Company, page 253

   The simplest soliton is the domain wall with co-dimension one, and the next simplest is the vortex with co-dimension two, whereas the co-dimension three (four) soliton is called monopole (instanton).

   2006, M. Eto et al., “Solitons in Supersymmetric Gauge Theories”, in Particles, Strings and Cosmology, →ISBN, page 266

   The importance of Nowruz is reflected in an elaborate sabzi polo, the herbed rice capped with a crunchy tahdig, the crust formed from lettuce, rice mixed with yogurt or lavash or another thin flatbread. On Wednesday night, I opted for sheveed polo, a simpler and quicker dill rice, but I can’t wait to nail that crunchy tahdig tonight.

   2026 March 15, Genevieve Ko, “‘This Is the Best Dish I Have Ever Made From NYT Cooking’”, in The New York Times, →ISSN, archived from the original on 15 Mar 2026

   Synonyms: onefold, austere, bare, bare-bones, bargain, basic, cheap, default · Antonyms: subtle

2. Easy; not difficult.

   There is no simple way to define precisely a complex arrangement of parts, however homely the object may appear to be.

   2001, Sydney I. Landau, Dictionaries: The Art and Craft of Lexicography, Cambridge University Press, →ISBN, page 167

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   Point-free coding is a byproduct of adopting declarative programming. You can use point-free coding without FP. But because point-free is all about improving the readability of code at a glance and making it simpler to parse, having the guarantees imposed by FP furthers this cause.

   2021, Luis Atencio, The Joy of JavaScript, Simon and Schuster, →ISBN, page 104

   Synonyms: basic, trivial, as a duck takes to water, basic, easy, prosaic, no-fuss, easy as 123 · Antonyms: challenging, hard, arduous, challenging, nasty, difficult, sticky, effortful

3. Without ornamentation; plain.

   Synonyms: austere, plain, austere, bare, chaste, inornate, modest, plain · Antonyms: flashy, tinselly, bedizened, blatant, blingish, brash, campy, catchpenny

4. Free from duplicity; guileless, innocent, straightforward.

   Must thou trust Tradition's simple tongue?

   1812, Lord Byron, “Canto I”, in Childe Harold’s Pilgrimage. A Romaunt, London: […] [F]or John Murray, […]; William Blackwood, Edinburgh; and John Cumming, Dublin; by Thomas Davison, […], →OCLC, stanza XXXVI

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   Full many fine men go upon my score, as simple as I stand here, and I trust them.

   1605, Iohn Marston [i.e., John Marston], The Dutch Courtezan. […], London: […] T[homas] P[urfoot] for Iohn Hodgets, […], →OCLC, (please specify the page)

   Nothing is more simple than greatness; indeed, to be simple is to be great. The vision of genius comes by renouncing the too officious activity of the understanding, and giving leave and amplest privilege to the spontaneous sentiment.

   1838 July 24, Ralph Waldo Emerson, “Literary Ethics. An Oration Delivered before the Literary Societies of Dartmouth College, July 24, 1838”, in Nature, Addresses, and Lectures (Emerson’s Complete Works; I), Riverside edition, London: The Waverley Book Company, published 1883, →OCLC, page 160

   Synonyms: sincere, unaffected, earnest, fair dinkum, forthright, downright, upfront, foursquare · Antonyms: crafty, guileful, astute, artful, cautelous, crafty, cunning, devious

5. Undistinguished in social condition; of no special rank.

   Garak: Who would want to kill me, a simple tailor? / Odo: A simple tailor? A simple tailor who used to be an agent of the Obsidian Order!

   1995 April 24, Improbable Cause (Star Trek: Deep Space Nine), season 3, number 20 (Science Fiction), Paramount Domestic Television, →OCLC

   Synonyms: common, low-born, ordinary, vulgar · Antonyms: eminent, gentle, notable, highborn, well-born

6. archaicTrivial; insignificant.

   ‘That was a symple cause,’ seyde Sir Trystram, ‘for to sle a good knyght for seyynge well by his maystir.’

   ‘That was a simple cause,’ said Sir Tristram, ‘for to slay a good knight for to say well by his master.’

   1470–1485 (date produced), Thomas Malory, “Capitulum LV”, in [Le Morte Darthur], book X (in Middle English), [London: […] by William Caxton], published 31 July 1485, →OCLC; republished as H[einrich] Oskar Sommer, editor, Le Morte Darthur […], London: David Nutt, […], 1889, →OCLC

   Synonyms: inconsequential, base, contemptible, floccinaucinihilipilificatious, foolish, for the birds, futile, frivolous · Antonyms: significant, big, central, consequential, critical, crucial, epochful, essential

7. colloquialeuphemisticFeeble-minded; foolish.

   Synonyms: dim-witted, unwise, asinine, balmy, barmy, bedaft, loony, daft · Antonyms: astute, quick-witted, astute, clairvoyant, deep, frood, grounded, judicious

8. Structurally uncomplicated.
   1. chemistryConsisting of one single substance; uncompounded.

      Synonyms: basic, plain, uncomplex, uncomplicated · Antonyms: complex, compound, complicated

   2. broadlyalgebraBeing non-trivial, and having no proper non-trivial normal subgroups (equivalently, no proper non-trivial quotient groups).

      Synonyms: basic, plain, uncomplex, uncomplicated · Antonyms: complex, compound, complicated

   3. broadlymodule theoryalgebraBeing non-trivial, and having no proper non-trivial submodules (equivalently, no proper non-trivial quotient modules).

      Synonyms: basic, plain, uncomplex, uncomplicated · Antonyms: complex, compound, complicated

   4. broadlyring theoryalgebraBeing non-zero, and having no proper non-zero two-sided ideals (equivalently, no proper non-trivial quotient rings). For commutative rings, this definition coincides with that of a field.

      Synonyms: basic, plain, uncomplex, uncomplicated · Antonyms: complex, compound, complicated

   5. broadlyuniversalalgebraContaining more than one element, and such that the only congruences on the structure are the diagonal relation (the equivalence relation a≡b⟺a=b) and the universal relation (the equivalence relation such that a≡b for all a,b). Equivalently, containing more than one element and having no proper non-trivial quotient algebras.

      Synonyms: basic, plain, uncomplex, uncomplicated · Antonyms: complex, compound, complicated

   6. broadlyalgebraBeing non-isomorphic to the terminal object, and such that its only quotient objects (up to isomorphism) are the terminal object and itself.

      Synonyms: basic, plain, uncomplex, uncomplicated · Antonyms: complex, compound, complicated

   7. algebraBeing non-abelian and having no proper non-zero ideals. (Note that this is non-equivalent to the usual algebra sense; in particular, the abelian Lie algebra of dimension 1 over any given field is non-trivial and has no proper non-zero ideals, but is by convention not considered simple.)

      Synonyms: basic, plain, uncomplex, uncomplicated · Antonyms: complex, compound, complicated

   8. real analysisengineeringEqual to a finite linear combination of indicator functions on measurable sets.

      Synonyms: basic, plain, uncomplex, uncomplicated · Antonyms: complex, compound, complicated

   9. biologyNot compound, but possibly lobed.

      Synonyms: basic, plain, uncomplex, uncomplicated · Antonyms: complex, compound, complicated

   10. engineeringUsing steam only once in its cylinders, in contrast to a compound engine, where steam is used more than once in high-pressure and low-pressure cylinders.

       Chesapeake & Ohio turned to simple articulateds, for instance, simply because its Alleghany tunnels would not accommodate the low-pressure forward cylinders of larger compounds.

       1959, David P. Morgan, editor, Steam's Finest Hour, Kalmbach Publishing Co., page 6

       Synonyms: basic, plain, uncomplex, uncomplicated · Antonyms: complex, compound, complicated

   11. biologyConsisting of a single individual or zooid; not compound.

       a simple ascidian

       Synonyms: basic, plain, uncomplex, uncomplicated · Antonyms: complex, compound, complicated

   12. chemistryHomogenous.

       Synonyms: basic, plain, uncomplex, uncomplicated · Antonyms: complex, compound, complicated

9. obsoleteMere; not other than; being only.

   A medicine […] whose simple touch / Is powerful to araise King Pepin.

   c. 1604–1605 (date written), William Shakespeare, “All’s Well, that Ends Well”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act II, scene i]

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   "Yes; as well versed in the art of intrigue, I should think, as if she had been brought up in attendance in a court, instead of being a simple butler's daughter, in a gloomy old pile like this!"

   1859, Ned Buntline, chapter XCIV, in Seawaif; Or, The Terror of the Coast, New York: Frederic A. Brady, page 117

   Synonyms: alone, mere, only, very, alone, bare, just, mere

plural simples

1. medicineA herbal preparation made from one plant, as opposed to something made from more than one plant.

   I know there are some simples, which in operation are moistening and some drying.

   1603, Michel de Montaigne, chapter 37, in John Florio, transl., The Essayes […], book II, London: […] Val[entine] Simmes for Edward Blount […], →OCLC

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   Dere is some simples in my closet, dat I vill not for the varld I shall leave behind.

   c. 1597 (date written), William Shakespeare, […] [T]he Merrie Wiues of Windsor. […] (First Quarto), London: […] T[homas] C[reede] for Arthur Ihonson, […], published 1602, →OCLC, [Act I, scene iv]

   [W]hat Virtue there is in this Remedy lies in the naked Simple it ſelf, as it comes over from the Indies, and in the Choice of that which is leaſt dried, or periſhed by the Voyage.

   a. 1700 (date written), William Temple, “Of Health and Long-life”, in Miscellanea. The Third Part. […], London: […] Jonathan Swift, […] Benjamin Tooke, […], published 1701, →OCLC, pages 183–184

   The first fellow that picked an herb to cure himself had a bit of pluck. Simples. Want to be careful.

   1922 February 2, James Joyce, Ulysses, Paris: Shakespeare and Company […], →OCLC

   The venerable carryall, formerly brimming with all manner of esoteric pamphlets and witch's simples, now overflowed with a cascade of soft toys, juice bottles, tissues, linen books for infants, […]

   2003, Dolores Stewart Riccio, Charmed Circle, Kensington Books, →ISBN, page 12

2. broadlyobsoleteA physician.
3. human sciencesA simple or atomic proposition.

   Peter van Inwagen, for example, believes that there are no ordinary objects, no chairs or shirts or shoes. Right here there are just some simples — atoms or whatever — arranged shoe-wise.

   2021 September 14, Michael David Stevens, 10:41 from the start, in Do Chairs Exist?

4. obsoleteSomething not mixed or compounded.

   But it is a melancholy of mine own, compounded of many simples, extracted from many objects, and indeed the sundry contemplation of my travels

   c. 1598–1600 (date written), William Shakespeare, “As You Like It”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act IV, scene i]

5. businessA drawloom.
6. businessPart of the apparatus for raising the heddles of a drawloom.
7. CatholicismA feast which is not a double or a semidouble.

present singular third person simples · participle present simpling · participle past simpled · past simpled

1. archaicintransitivetransitiveTo gather simples, i.e. medicinal herbs.